Impact of immune-related toxicity on survival and treatment response in non-small cell lung cancer patients
Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85% of lung cancer cases and is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized treatment, offering improved survival. However, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are common, and their...
| Autores: | , , , |
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| Tipo de recurso: | artículo |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2026 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO) |
| Repositorio: | r-FISABIO. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:dnet:r-fisabio___::fd7e5b15519078f8c3ab4dfa288c93c9 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://fisabio.portalinvestigacion.com/publicaciones/20956 https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-105034659018&doi=10.1186%2fs12890-026-04185-3&partnerID=40&md5=a13762e8fd11d47f0be43106ad7e3215 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Immune checkpoint inhibitors Immune-related adverse events Non-small cell lung cancer Overall survival Progression-free survival Treatment response Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung Female Humans Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Kaplan-Meier Estimate Lung Neoplasms Male Middle Aged Progression-Free Survival Proportional Hazards Models Retrospective Studies Treatment Outcome atezolizumab biological marker cemiplimab immune checkpoint inhibitor nivolumab adenocarcinoma adult aged Article cancer patient clinical outcome controlled study coronavirus disease 2019 female human lung cancer major clinical study male non small cell lung cancer observational study overall survival progression free survival retrospective study treatment outcome treatment response drug therapy Kaplan Meier method lung tumor middle aged mortality proportional hazards model very elderly |
| Sumario: | Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85% of lung cancer cases and is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized treatment, offering improved survival. However, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are common, and their impact on treatment outcomes warrants further investigation. Aim: This study evaluates the relationship between irAEs and clinical outcomes, including progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), disease control rate (DCR), and objective response rate (ORR), in NSCLC patients treated with ICIs. Method: A retrospective observational study including 174 NSCLC patients treated with ICIs between 2019 and 2023 was conducted. Survival outcomes were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier estimates and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. Associations between irAEs and treatment response were evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. Results: IrAEs were observed in 42.0% of patients, primarily grade 1–2 (83.6%). Patients with irAEs exhibited significantly improved PFS (32.3 vs. 6.2 months; HR 0.52) and OS (37.4 vs. 9.8 months; HR 0.57). DCR (89.3% vs. 64.6%; OR 3.21) and ORR (64.2% vs. 31.6%; OR 2.81) were also higher in this group. No significant differences in outcomes were noted by irAE grade or organ affected. Conclusion: The presence of irAEs is associated with enhanced survival and treatment response in NSCLC patients receiving ICIs. These findings underscore the potential of irAEs as predictive biomarkers, supporting personalized treatment strategies. © The Author(s) 2026. |
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