Application of DSP2 for biological sex estimation in a Spanish sample: analysis based on sex and side

Applying existing sexing methodologies to different populations, and reporting these findings is important to enhance their applicability and accuracy in real cases across the world. DSP was published in 2005 (Murail et al., 2005) and updated as a DSP2 in 2017 (Brůžek et al., 2017) based on a databa...

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Autores: San-Millán, Marta, Warrier, Varsha, Carrera Burgaya, Ana, Reina de la Torre, Francisco
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositorio:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:10256/25843
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10256/25843
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Diferències entre sexes
Sex differences
Osteologia forense
Forensic osteology
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spelling Application of DSP2 for biological sex estimation in a Spanish sample: analysis based on sex and sideSan-Millán, MartaWarrier, VarshaCarrera Burgaya, AnaReina de la Torre, FranciscoDiferències entre sexesSex differencesOsteologia forenseForensic osteologyApplying existing sexing methodologies to different populations, and reporting these findings is important to enhance their applicability and accuracy in real cases across the world. DSP was published in 2005 (Murail et al., 2005) and updated as a DSP2 in 2017 (Brůžek et al., 2017) based on a database of 10 pelvic measurements from 2040 individuals worldwide. These tools have been applied subsequently to various populations, however, its applicability to a dry Spanish population is lacking. 303 hipbones belonging to 157 individuals from the School of Legal Medicine from the University Complutense of Madrid (Spain), of which 140 individuals were documented, were analyzed to investigate the reliability, applicability and accuracy of the DSP2 sex estimation methodology, examining side and sex-based potential differences for the first time. In most of the DSP variables, intra-rater reliability showed excellent results and % applicability was higher than 85.0%. Overall % accuracy was higher than 94.0% regardless of the number or discriminant power of the utilized DSP variables. However, % sexing decreased when less variables or less discriminant ones were used for estimations, reaching 45.51% (left) and 43.31% (right). Regarding sexual dimorphism, females’ results of % applicability, % sexing and % accuracy were higher compared to males. In addition, left os coxae achieved better outcomes (aforementioned percentages) in most of the cases in the sex-pooled sample. Decreasing the mandatory posterior probability by 10% yielded an increase in the % sexing but reduced % accuracy, and thus, does not seem to enhance the approach’s performance. The present study validates the applicability and reliability of DSP for sexing a Spanish population. Future investigations will attempt to assess its applicability within virtual anthropologyOpen Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer NatureSpringer Nature2025info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpeer-reviewedapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10256/25843International Journal of Legal Medicine, 2025, vol. 139, p. 847-862Articles publicats (D-CM)reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunyainstname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)Inglésinfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1007/s00414-024-03358-1info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/0937-9827info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1437-1596Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:recercat.cat:10256/258432026-05-29T05:05:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Application of DSP2 for biological sex estimation in a Spanish sample: analysis based on sex and side
title Application of DSP2 for biological sex estimation in a Spanish sample: analysis based on sex and side
spellingShingle Application of DSP2 for biological sex estimation in a Spanish sample: analysis based on sex and side
San-Millán, Marta
Diferències entre sexes
Sex differences
Osteologia forense
Forensic osteology
title_short Application of DSP2 for biological sex estimation in a Spanish sample: analysis based on sex and side
title_full Application of DSP2 for biological sex estimation in a Spanish sample: analysis based on sex and side
title_fullStr Application of DSP2 for biological sex estimation in a Spanish sample: analysis based on sex and side
title_full_unstemmed Application of DSP2 for biological sex estimation in a Spanish sample: analysis based on sex and side
title_sort Application of DSP2 for biological sex estimation in a Spanish sample: analysis based on sex and side
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv San-Millán, Marta
Warrier, Varsha
Carrera Burgaya, Ana
Reina de la Torre, Francisco
author San-Millán, Marta
author_facet San-Millán, Marta
Warrier, Varsha
Carrera Burgaya, Ana
Reina de la Torre, Francisco
author_role author
author2 Warrier, Varsha
Carrera Burgaya, Ana
Reina de la Torre, Francisco
author2_role author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Diferències entre sexes
Sex differences
Osteologia forense
Forensic osteology
topic Diferències entre sexes
Sex differences
Osteologia forense
Forensic osteology
description Applying existing sexing methodologies to different populations, and reporting these findings is important to enhance their applicability and accuracy in real cases across the world. DSP was published in 2005 (Murail et al., 2005) and updated as a DSP2 in 2017 (Brůžek et al., 2017) based on a database of 10 pelvic measurements from 2040 individuals worldwide. These tools have been applied subsequently to various populations, however, its applicability to a dry Spanish population is lacking. 303 hipbones belonging to 157 individuals from the School of Legal Medicine from the University Complutense of Madrid (Spain), of which 140 individuals were documented, were analyzed to investigate the reliability, applicability and accuracy of the DSP2 sex estimation methodology, examining side and sex-based potential differences for the first time. In most of the DSP variables, intra-rater reliability showed excellent results and % applicability was higher than 85.0%. Overall % accuracy was higher than 94.0% regardless of the number or discriminant power of the utilized DSP variables. However, % sexing decreased when less variables or less discriminant ones were used for estimations, reaching 45.51% (left) and 43.31% (right). Regarding sexual dimorphism, females’ results of % applicability, % sexing and % accuracy were higher compared to males. In addition, left os coxae achieved better outcomes (aforementioned percentages) in most of the cases in the sex-pooled sample. Decreasing the mandatory posterior probability by 10% yielded an increase in the % sexing but reduced % accuracy, and thus, does not seem to enhance the approach’s performance. The present study validates the applicability and reliability of DSP for sexing a Spanish population. Future investigations will attempt to assess its applicability within virtual anthropology
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
peer-reviewed
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10256/25843
url http://hdl.handle.net/10256/25843
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1007/s00414-024-03358-1
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/0937-9827
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1437-1596
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer Nature
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer Nature
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv International Journal of Legal Medicine, 2025, vol. 139, p. 847-862
Articles publicats (D-CM)
reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
instname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
instname_str Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
reponame_str Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
collection Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
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