Implication of interleukin family in cancer pathogenesis and treatment
1. Cytokines and their Side Effects Cytokines are small proteins that are crucial for controlling the growth and activity of blood cells and other cells of the immune system. When released, they have the ability to send a signal to the immune system to fulfill its specific function. Cytokines affect...
| Autores: | , |
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| Tipo de recurso: | artículo |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2021 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Universidad de Navarra |
| Repositorio: | Dadun. Depósito Académico Digital de la Universidad de Navarra |
| Idioma: | inglés |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:dadun.unav.edu:10171/113979 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/10171/113979 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Cytokines Interleukins Cancer pathogenesis |
| Sumario: | 1. Cytokines and their Side Effects Cytokines are small proteins that are crucial for controlling the growth and activity of blood cells and other cells of the immune system. When released, they have the ability to send a signal to the immune system to fulfill its specific function. Cytokines affect the growth of all blood cells and other cells that help immune and inflammatory responses. There are different types of cytokines, including interleukins, interferons, tumor necrosis factors, and growth factors. Actually, some cytokines can be made in a laboratory and are used to treat cancer. The most common are interleukins and interferons. 2. Interleukins Interleukins are a group of cytokines that act as chemical signals between white blood cells. It is a very large family and each of them has a specific activity and has a specific function. Several of them are highly represented in the organism and are metabolically more important in their direct implication in tumor pathogenesis. Two possible scenarios must be distinguished: (1) the use of interleukins directly as an anti-tumor treatment via blocking or increasing interleukins with different immunological strategies, or (2) the use of interleukins as a biomarker/indicator of tumor remission or progression. 3. Special Issue “Interleukin in Cancer Pathogenesis and Treatment” In this Special Issue, we have compiled a series of 10 articles (four original articles, five reviews and one commentary) presented by international leaders in cancer immunology and new cell therapies. We start this extensive list with IL-1. It is widely described that IL-1 is produced and secreted by various cell types, such as immune cells, fibroblasts, or cancer cells. Additionally, in cancer IL-1 has pleiotropic effects on immune cells, angiogenesis, cancer cell proliferation, migration, and metastasis. For this reason, the groups of Ghiringhelli and Kobold [1,2] present a clear overview of past and present research focusing on the role of IL-1 in cancer, with a special interest on clinical research and on therapeutic implications. The next interleukins we consider are IL-2 and IL-15. Lundqvist et al. [3] discuss the distinct roles of both interleukins in activating certain functions of immune cells, with a particular approach on the signals implicated in the resistance of immune suppressive factors related to the tumor microenvironment. The review summarizes modifications of these cytokines to amplify their antitumor efficacy while minimizing toxicity and the clinical applications in metastatic cancer |
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