Bases moleculares de la especificación del patrón dorso-ventral en Drosophila

RTK/Ras/MAPK signaling is one of the most common pathways for intercellular communication during development and in the adult organism. In addition, abnormal RTK signaling is associated with many pathological conditions, including cancer. Taking advantage of the available genetic tools of Drosophila...

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Autor: Andreu Sauqué, María José
Tipo de recurso: tesis doctoral
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2013
País:España
Institución:CBUC, CESCA
Repositorio:TDR. Tesis Doctorales en Red
OAI Identifier:oai:www.tdx.cat:10803/129088
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10803/129088
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Drosòfila
Drosophila
Expressió gènica
Expresión génica
Gene expression
Ciències Experimentals i Matemàtiques
575
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oai_identifier_str oai:www.tdx.cat:10803/129088
network_acronym_str ES
network_name_str España
repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Bases moleculares de la especificación del patrón dorso-ventral en Drosophila
title Bases moleculares de la especificación del patrón dorso-ventral en Drosophila
spellingShingle Bases moleculares de la especificación del patrón dorso-ventral en Drosophila
Andreu Sauqué, María José
Drosòfila
Drosophila
Expressió gènica
Expresión génica
Gene expression
Ciències Experimentals i Matemàtiques
575
title_short Bases moleculares de la especificación del patrón dorso-ventral en Drosophila
title_full Bases moleculares de la especificación del patrón dorso-ventral en Drosophila
title_fullStr Bases moleculares de la especificación del patrón dorso-ventral en Drosophila
title_full_unstemmed Bases moleculares de la especificación del patrón dorso-ventral en Drosophila
title_sort Bases moleculares de la especificación del patrón dorso-ventral en Drosophila
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Andreu Sauqué, María José
author Andreu Sauqué, María José
author_facet Andreu Sauqué, María José
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Jiménez Cañero, Gerardo
Serras Rigalt, Florenci
Universitat de Barcelona. Departament de Genètica
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Drosòfila
Drosophila
Expressió gènica
Expresión génica
Gene expression
Ciències Experimentals i Matemàtiques
575
topic Drosòfila
Drosophila
Expressió gènica
Expresión génica
Gene expression
Ciències Experimentals i Matemàtiques
575
description RTK/Ras/MAPK signaling is one of the most common pathways for intercellular communication during development and in the adult organism. In addition, abnormal RTK signaling is associated with many pathological conditions, including cancer. Taking advantage of the available genetic tools of Drosophila, we use the DV axis specification as a model to study the molecular mechanisms by which RTK signaling regulates gene expression and how the same signaling pathway is interpreted differently in distinct tissues. Specifically, we have studied the mechanisms by which the localized activation of the RTK EGFR signaling pathway in the dorsal region of the follicular epithelium restricts pipe gene expression to ventral positions. pipe encodes a sulfotransferase enzyme which is essential for transfering DV polarity from the egg chamber to the embryo. Our results have shown that EGFR activity on pipe is mediated by Mirror, a homeodomain transcription factor induced by the pathway in dorsal-anterior cells. Mirror acts as a direct repressor of pipe by binding to a conserved motif (r1) in the pipe regulatory region. We also have characterized an additional aspect of pipe regulation that depends on Capicua (Cic), a HMG-box transcription factor post-transcriptionally downregulated by RTK/Ras/MAPK signaling. We have shown that the role of Cic is to support pipe expression in ventral follicle cells by repressing mirror in this region. On the other hand, we have analyzed the relevance of the negative post-transcriptional regulation of Cic by EGFR/Ras/MAPK signaling in the establishment of the initial DV asymmetries during oogenesis. Our results suggest a competition mechanism between Cic-mediated repression and EGFR-dependent and –independent activation of mirr, which leads to graded expression of mirr in dorsal and lateral follicle cells. We propose a model where the EGFR-dependent downregulation of Cic modulates the spatial distribution of Mirror protein in the lateral and dorsal-posterior follicle cells, where low, but functional Mirr activity defines the precise position at which the pipe expression border is formed. Finally, we have studied in collaboration with S. Y. Shvartsman group, the function of Cic in response to the RTK Torso signaling pathway in the early embryo. Together with previous results, our work has shown that Cic also participates in the DV subdivision of the embryo acting as a repressor of dorsal zygotic genes, as zerknüllt (zen), and that this activity is inhibited at the poles by Torso signaling. Taking together this result and other previous studies in collaboration with S. Y. Shvartsman group, we have proposed in a new model of gene regulation based in MAPK substrate competition. Molecular competition among MAPK substrates affects the expression of genes such as zen, reveals a new mechanism of integrating anterior, dorso-ventral and terminal systems. To summarize, in this thesis we show that different RTK/Ras/MAPK pathways with key roles in Drosophila development operate through common mechanisms that involve the post-transcriptional downregulation of Cic. By downregulating Cic activity, RTK signals create gradients or boundaries of Cic repressor activity that are then translated into complementary patterns of target gene expression. Since different Cic targets are regulated in different contexts, our results support the view that RTK specificity arises mainly at the level of downstream enhancers responding to general RTK effectors (including Cic) and additional ubiquitous and tissue-specific factors.
publishDate 2013
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2013
2014
2014
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format doctoralThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10803/129088
url http://hdl.handle.net/10803/129088
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Español
language_invalid_str_mv Español
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv 151 p.
application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universitat de Barcelona
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universitat de Barcelona
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa)
reponame:TDR. Tesis Doctorales en Red
instname:CBUC, CESCA
instname_str CBUC, CESCA
reponame_str TDR. Tesis Doctorales en Red
collection TDR. Tesis Doctorales en Red
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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spelling Bases moleculares de la especificación del patrón dorso-ventral en DrosophilaAndreu Sauqué, María JoséDrosòfilaDrosophilaExpressió gènicaExpresión génicaGene expressionCiències Experimentals i Matemàtiques575RTK/Ras/MAPK signaling is one of the most common pathways for intercellular communication during development and in the adult organism. In addition, abnormal RTK signaling is associated with many pathological conditions, including cancer. Taking advantage of the available genetic tools of Drosophila, we use the DV axis specification as a model to study the molecular mechanisms by which RTK signaling regulates gene expression and how the same signaling pathway is interpreted differently in distinct tissues. Specifically, we have studied the mechanisms by which the localized activation of the RTK EGFR signaling pathway in the dorsal region of the follicular epithelium restricts pipe gene expression to ventral positions. pipe encodes a sulfotransferase enzyme which is essential for transfering DV polarity from the egg chamber to the embryo. Our results have shown that EGFR activity on pipe is mediated by Mirror, a homeodomain transcription factor induced by the pathway in dorsal-anterior cells. Mirror acts as a direct repressor of pipe by binding to a conserved motif (r1) in the pipe regulatory region. We also have characterized an additional aspect of pipe regulation that depends on Capicua (Cic), a HMG-box transcription factor post-transcriptionally downregulated by RTK/Ras/MAPK signaling. We have shown that the role of Cic is to support pipe expression in ventral follicle cells by repressing mirror in this region. On the other hand, we have analyzed the relevance of the negative post-transcriptional regulation of Cic by EGFR/Ras/MAPK signaling in the establishment of the initial DV asymmetries during oogenesis. Our results suggest a competition mechanism between Cic-mediated repression and EGFR-dependent and –independent activation of mirr, which leads to graded expression of mirr in dorsal and lateral follicle cells. We propose a model where the EGFR-dependent downregulation of Cic modulates the spatial distribution of Mirror protein in the lateral and dorsal-posterior follicle cells, where low, but functional Mirr activity defines the precise position at which the pipe expression border is formed. Finally, we have studied in collaboration with S. Y. Shvartsman group, the function of Cic in response to the RTK Torso signaling pathway in the early embryo. Together with previous results, our work has shown that Cic also participates in the DV subdivision of the embryo acting as a repressor of dorsal zygotic genes, as zerknüllt (zen), and that this activity is inhibited at the poles by Torso signaling. Taking together this result and other previous studies in collaboration with S. Y. Shvartsman group, we have proposed in a new model of gene regulation based in MAPK substrate competition. Molecular competition among MAPK substrates affects the expression of genes such as zen, reveals a new mechanism of integrating anterior, dorso-ventral and terminal systems. To summarize, in this thesis we show that different RTK/Ras/MAPK pathways with key roles in Drosophila development operate through common mechanisms that involve the post-transcriptional downregulation of Cic. By downregulating Cic activity, RTK signals create gradients or boundaries of Cic repressor activity that are then translated into complementary patterns of target gene expression. Since different Cic targets are regulated in different contexts, our results support the view that RTK specificity arises mainly at the level of downstream enhancers responding to general RTK effectors (including Cic) and additional ubiquitous and tissue-specific factors.La vía RTK/Ras/MAPK es una de las cascadas de señalización evolutivamente conservadas más común durante el desarrollo de los metazoos. En concreto, la vía de EGFR es una de las más destacadas en la inducción de respuestas espacialmente localizadas en Drosophila. Concretamente, en esta tesis hemos estudiado el modo en que la activación localizada de la vía RTK de EGFR en la región dorsal del epitelio folicular restringe la expresión del gen pipe a posiciones ventrales. Pipe codifica para un enzima con actividad sulfotransferasa que resulta esencial para la transmisión de información posicional desde el ovario hasta el embrión. Nuestros resultados han mostrado que la actividad de EGFR sobre pipe está mediada por el factor Mirror, el cual actúa como represor directo de pipe uniéndose a las secuencias reguladoras del gen. Además, hemos caracterizado un aspecto adicional de la regulación de pipe que depende de Capicua (Cic), un factor de transcripción inhibido por señales RTK en diversos sistemas. Así, hemos demostrado que Capicua mantiene la expresión de pipe en la región ventral del epitelio folicular reprimiendo a su vez a Mirror en esa región. Por otro lado, hemos analizado la relevancia de la regulación post-transcripcional negativa de Cic en respuesta a la señal de EGFR para el establecimiento de esta polaridad inicial durante la oogénesis. Proponemos un modelo en el que la regulación negativa de Cic por la vía de EGFR modula la distribución espacial de Mirror en las células foliculares laterales definiendo la posición precisa del borde de expresión de pipe. Finalmente, hemos estudiado la función de Capicua en respuesta a la señal RTK de Torso en el embrión temprano. Junto con resultados previos, nuestro trabajo ha mostrado que Capicua también participa en la subdivisión dorsoventral del embrión actuando como represor de genes cigóticos dorsales como zerknüllt, y que esta actividad se encuentra inhibida en regiones terminales por la vía de Torso.Universitat de BarcelonaJiménez Cañero, GerardoSerras Rigalt, FlorenciUniversitat de Barcelona. Departament de Genètica201420142013info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion151 p.application/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10803/129088TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa)reponame:TDR. Tesis Doctorales en Redinstname:CBUC, CESCAEspañolADVERTIMENT. L'accés als continguts d'aquesta tesi doctoral i la seva utilització ha de respectar els drets de la persona autora. Pot ser utilitzada per a consulta o estudi personal, així com en activitats o materials d'investigació i docència en els termes establerts a l'art. 32 del Text Refós de la Llei de Propietat Intel·lectual (RDL 1/1996). Per altres utilitzacions es requereix l'autorització prèvia i expressa de la persona autora. En qualsevol cas, en la utilització dels seus continguts caldrà indicar de forma clara el nom i cognoms de la persona autora i el títol de la tesi doctoral. No s'autoritza la seva reproducció o altres formes d'explotació efectuades amb finalitats de lucre ni la seva comunicació pública des d'un lloc aliè al servei TDX. Tampoc s'autoritza la presentació del seu contingut en una finestra o marc aliè a TDX (framing). Aquesta reserva de drets afecta tant als continguts de la tesi com als seus resums i índexs.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:www.tdx.cat:10803/1290882026-06-14T12:46:07Z
score 15,300719

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