Skeletal microstructures of cheilostome bryozoans (phylum Bryozoa, class Gymnolaemata): crystallography and secretion patterns

Gymnolaemata bryozoans produce CaCO skeletons of either calcite, aragonite, or both. Despite extensive research, their crystallography and biomineralization patterns remain unclear. We present a detailed study of the microstructures, mineralogy, and crystallography of eight extant cheilostome specie...

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Autores: Grenier, Christian, Griesshaber, Erika, Schmahl, Wolfgang W., Berning, Bjorn, Checa, Antonio G.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/373551
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/373551
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Aragonite
Biomineralization
Bryozoan
Calcite
Electron backscatter diffraction
Skeleton
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spelling Skeletal microstructures of cheilostome bryozoans (phylum Bryozoa, class Gymnolaemata): crystallography and secretion patternsGrenier, ChristianGriesshaber, ErikaSchmahl, Wolfgang W.Berning, BjornCheca, Antonio G.AragoniteBiomineralizationBryozoanCalciteElectron backscatter diffractionSkeletonGymnolaemata bryozoans produce CaCO skeletons of either calcite, aragonite, or both. Despite extensive research, their crystallography and biomineralization patterns remain unclear. We present a detailed study of the microstructures, mineralogy, and crystallography of eight extant cheilostome species using scanning electron microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and micro-computed tomography. We distinguished five basic microstructures, three calcitic (tabular, irregularly platy, and granular), and two aragonitic (granular-platy and fibrous). The calcitic microstructures consist of crystal aggregates that transition from tabular or irregularly platy to granular assemblies. Fibrous aragonite consists of fibers arranged into spherulites. In all cases, the crystallographic textures are axial, and stronger in aragonite than in calcite, with the c-axis as the fiber axis. We reconstruct the biomineralization sequence in the different species by considering the distribution and morphology of the growth fronts of crystals and the location of the secretory epithelium. In bimineralic species, calcite formation always predates aragonite formation. In interior compound walls, growth proceeds from the cuticle toward the zooecium interior. We conclude that, with the exception of tabular calcite, biomineralization is remote and occurs within a relatively wide extrapallial space, which is consistent with the inorganic-like appearance of the microstructures. This biomineralization mode is rare among invertebrates.Funding for open access publishing: Universidad de Granada/CBUA. CG and AGC were funded by projects CGL2017-85118-P, PID2020116660GB-I00 (Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation: MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033; \u201CFEDER Una manera de hacer Europa\u201D), and PCM 00092 (Consejería de Economía, Innovación, Ciencia y Empleo, Junta de Andalucía), the Research Group RNM363 (latter institution), and the Unidad Cient\u00EDfica de Excelencia UCE-PP2016-05 (University of Granada). Funding for open access was provided by Universidad de Granada/Consorcio de Bibliotecas Universitarias de Andalucía (CBUA).Springer NatureMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)Universidad de GranadaAgencia Estatal de Investigación (España)Junta de AndalucíaConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]2024202420242024info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/373551reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE##PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/CGL2017-85118-Pinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2020-116660GB-I00http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42995-024-00233-1Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/3735512026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Skeletal microstructures of cheilostome bryozoans (phylum Bryozoa, class Gymnolaemata): crystallography and secretion patterns
title Skeletal microstructures of cheilostome bryozoans (phylum Bryozoa, class Gymnolaemata): crystallography and secretion patterns
spellingShingle Skeletal microstructures of cheilostome bryozoans (phylum Bryozoa, class Gymnolaemata): crystallography and secretion patterns
Grenier, Christian
Aragonite
Biomineralization
Bryozoan
Calcite
Electron backscatter diffraction
Skeleton
title_short Skeletal microstructures of cheilostome bryozoans (phylum Bryozoa, class Gymnolaemata): crystallography and secretion patterns
title_full Skeletal microstructures of cheilostome bryozoans (phylum Bryozoa, class Gymnolaemata): crystallography and secretion patterns
title_fullStr Skeletal microstructures of cheilostome bryozoans (phylum Bryozoa, class Gymnolaemata): crystallography and secretion patterns
title_full_unstemmed Skeletal microstructures of cheilostome bryozoans (phylum Bryozoa, class Gymnolaemata): crystallography and secretion patterns
title_sort Skeletal microstructures of cheilostome bryozoans (phylum Bryozoa, class Gymnolaemata): crystallography and secretion patterns
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Grenier, Christian
Griesshaber, Erika
Schmahl, Wolfgang W.
Berning, Bjorn
Checa, Antonio G.
author Grenier, Christian
author_facet Grenier, Christian
Griesshaber, Erika
Schmahl, Wolfgang W.
Berning, Bjorn
Checa, Antonio G.
author_role author
author2 Griesshaber, Erika
Schmahl, Wolfgang W.
Berning, Bjorn
Checa, Antonio G.
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)
Universidad de Granada
Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España)
Junta de Andalucía
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Aragonite
Biomineralization
Bryozoan
Calcite
Electron backscatter diffraction
Skeleton
topic Aragonite
Biomineralization
Bryozoan
Calcite
Electron backscatter diffraction
Skeleton
description Gymnolaemata bryozoans produce CaCO skeletons of either calcite, aragonite, or both. Despite extensive research, their crystallography and biomineralization patterns remain unclear. We present a detailed study of the microstructures, mineralogy, and crystallography of eight extant cheilostome species using scanning electron microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and micro-computed tomography. We distinguished five basic microstructures, three calcitic (tabular, irregularly platy, and granular), and two aragonitic (granular-platy and fibrous). The calcitic microstructures consist of crystal aggregates that transition from tabular or irregularly platy to granular assemblies. Fibrous aragonite consists of fibers arranged into spherulites. In all cases, the crystallographic textures are axial, and stronger in aragonite than in calcite, with the c-axis as the fiber axis. We reconstruct the biomineralization sequence in the different species by considering the distribution and morphology of the growth fronts of crystals and the location of the secretory epithelium. In bimineralic species, calcite formation always predates aragonite formation. In interior compound walls, growth proceeds from the cuticle toward the zooecium interior. We conclude that, with the exception of tabular calcite, biomineralization is remote and occurs within a relatively wide extrapallial space, which is consistent with the inorganic-like appearance of the microstructures. This biomineralization mode is rare among invertebrates.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2024
2024
2024
2024
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/373551
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/373551
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/CGL2017-85118-P
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2020-116660GB-I00
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42995-024-00233-1
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer Nature
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Springer Nature
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
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