Associations Between Metabolic Age, Sociodemographic Variables, and Lifestyle Factors in Spanish Workers

Metabolic age is defined as an estimation of a person's age based on their basal metabolic rate (BMR) and other physiological health indicators. Unlike chronological age, which simply measures the number of years lived since birth, metabolic age is based on various health and fitness markers th...

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Autores: Ramírez-Gallegos, Ignacio, Marina-Arroyo, Marta, López-González, Ángel Arturo, Vallejos, Daniela, Martínez-Almoyna-Rifá, Emilio, Tárraga López, Pedro Juan, Ramírez-Manent, José Ignacio
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Conselleria de Salut i Consum del Govern de les Illes Balears
Repositorio:Docusalut
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:docusalut.com:20.500.13003/21530
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/21530
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Aged
Age Factors
Young Adult
Spain
Adult
Humans
Smoking
Life Style
Socioeconomic Factors
Middle Aged
Cross-Sectional Studies
Aging
Male
Sex Factors
Female
Social Class
Diet, Mediterranean
Exercise
Dieta Mediterránea
Ejercicio Físico
Femenino
Clase Social
Masculino
Factores Socioeconómicos
Fumar
Factores Sexuales
Estudios Transversales
Envejecimiento
Humanos
Persona de Mediana Edad
Adulto Joven
Estilo de Vida
Factores de Edad
Anciano
Adulto
España
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network_name_str España
repository_id_str
spelling Associations Between Metabolic Age, Sociodemographic Variables, and Lifestyle Factors in Spanish WorkersRamírez-Gallegos, IgnacioMarina-Arroyo, MartaLópez-González, Ángel ArturoVallejos, DanielaMartínez-Almoyna-Rifá, EmilioTárraga López, Pedro JuanRamírez-Manent, José IgnacioAgedAge FactorsYoung AdultSpainAdultHumansSmokingLife StyleSocioeconomic FactorsMiddle AgedCross-Sectional StudiesAgingMaleSex FactorsFemaleSocial ClassDiet, MediterraneanExerciseDieta MediterráneaEjercicio FísicoFemeninoClase SocialMasculinoFactores SocioeconómicosFumarFactores SexualesEstudios TransversalesEnvejecimientoHumanosPersona de Mediana EdadAdulto JovenEstilo de VidaFactores de EdadAncianoAdultoEspañaMetabolic age is defined as an estimation of a person's age based on their basal metabolic rate (BMR) and other physiological health indicators. Unlike chronological age, which simply measures the number of years lived since birth, metabolic age is based on various health and fitness markers that estimate the body's "true" biological age and can be assessed using various methodologies, including bioimpedance. The aim of this study was to evaluate how age, sex, social class, smoking habits, physical activity, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet influence metabolic age. A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted on 8590 Spanish workers in the Balearic Islands. A series of sociodemographic variables and health-related habits were assessed, while metabolic age was measured using bioimpedance. A metabolic age exceeding chronological age by 12 years or more was considered high. A descriptive analysis of categorical variables was performed by calculating their frequency and distribution. By applying multivariate models, specifically multinomial logistic regression, we observe that all independent variables (sex, age, social class, physical activity, mediterranean diet, and smoking) show varying levels of association with the occurrence of high metabolic age values. Among these independent variables, those showing the highest degree of association, represented by odds ratios, are physical activity, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and social class. In all cases, the observed differences demonstrate a high level of statistical significance (p < 0.001). The factors with the greatest influence were physical inactivity, with an OR of 5.07; and low adherence to the Mediterranean diet, with an OR of 2.8; followed by social class, with an OR of 2.51. Metabolic age increased with chronological age and was higher in males, with an OR of 1.38. Smoking also had a negative impact on metabolic age, with an OR of 1.19. Mediterranean diet is associated with a higher metabolic age. The most influential factors on metabolic age are physical activity and adherence to the Mediterranean diet, followed by the individual's socioeconomic class. Smoking also contributes to increased metabolic age, albeit to a lesser extent.MDPI20242024-12-0520242024-12-05research articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/21530reponame:Docusalutinstname:Conselleria de Salut i Consum del Govern de les Illes BalearsInglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Atribución 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:docusalut.com:20.500.13003/215302026-06-22T12:44:07Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Associations Between Metabolic Age, Sociodemographic Variables, and Lifestyle Factors in Spanish Workers
title Associations Between Metabolic Age, Sociodemographic Variables, and Lifestyle Factors in Spanish Workers
spellingShingle Associations Between Metabolic Age, Sociodemographic Variables, and Lifestyle Factors in Spanish Workers
Ramírez-Gallegos, Ignacio
Aged
Age Factors
Young Adult
Spain
Adult
Humans
Smoking
Life Style
Socioeconomic Factors
Middle Aged
Cross-Sectional Studies
Aging
Male
Sex Factors
Female
Social Class
Diet, Mediterranean
Exercise
Dieta Mediterránea
Ejercicio Físico
Femenino
Clase Social
Masculino
Factores Socioeconómicos
Fumar
Factores Sexuales
Estudios Transversales
Envejecimiento
Humanos
Persona de Mediana Edad
Adulto Joven
Estilo de Vida
Factores de Edad
Anciano
Adulto
España
title_short Associations Between Metabolic Age, Sociodemographic Variables, and Lifestyle Factors in Spanish Workers
title_full Associations Between Metabolic Age, Sociodemographic Variables, and Lifestyle Factors in Spanish Workers
title_fullStr Associations Between Metabolic Age, Sociodemographic Variables, and Lifestyle Factors in Spanish Workers
title_full_unstemmed Associations Between Metabolic Age, Sociodemographic Variables, and Lifestyle Factors in Spanish Workers
title_sort Associations Between Metabolic Age, Sociodemographic Variables, and Lifestyle Factors in Spanish Workers
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Ramírez-Gallegos, Ignacio
Marina-Arroyo, Marta
López-González, Ángel Arturo
Vallejos, Daniela
Martínez-Almoyna-Rifá, Emilio
Tárraga López, Pedro Juan
Ramírez-Manent, José Ignacio
author Ramírez-Gallegos, Ignacio
author_facet Ramírez-Gallegos, Ignacio
Marina-Arroyo, Marta
López-González, Ángel Arturo
Vallejos, Daniela
Martínez-Almoyna-Rifá, Emilio
Tárraga López, Pedro Juan
Ramírez-Manent, José Ignacio
author_role author
author2 Marina-Arroyo, Marta
López-González, Ángel Arturo
Vallejos, Daniela
Martínez-Almoyna-Rifá, Emilio
Tárraga López, Pedro Juan
Ramírez-Manent, José Ignacio
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Aged
Age Factors
Young Adult
Spain
Adult
Humans
Smoking
Life Style
Socioeconomic Factors
Middle Aged
Cross-Sectional Studies
Aging
Male
Sex Factors
Female
Social Class
Diet, Mediterranean
Exercise
Dieta Mediterránea
Ejercicio Físico
Femenino
Clase Social
Masculino
Factores Socioeconómicos
Fumar
Factores Sexuales
Estudios Transversales
Envejecimiento
Humanos
Persona de Mediana Edad
Adulto Joven
Estilo de Vida
Factores de Edad
Anciano
Adulto
España
topic Aged
Age Factors
Young Adult
Spain
Adult
Humans
Smoking
Life Style
Socioeconomic Factors
Middle Aged
Cross-Sectional Studies
Aging
Male
Sex Factors
Female
Social Class
Diet, Mediterranean
Exercise
Dieta Mediterránea
Ejercicio Físico
Femenino
Clase Social
Masculino
Factores Socioeconómicos
Fumar
Factores Sexuales
Estudios Transversales
Envejecimiento
Humanos
Persona de Mediana Edad
Adulto Joven
Estilo de Vida
Factores de Edad
Anciano
Adulto
España
description Metabolic age is defined as an estimation of a person's age based on their basal metabolic rate (BMR) and other physiological health indicators. Unlike chronological age, which simply measures the number of years lived since birth, metabolic age is based on various health and fitness markers that estimate the body's "true" biological age and can be assessed using various methodologies, including bioimpedance. The aim of this study was to evaluate how age, sex, social class, smoking habits, physical activity, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet influence metabolic age. A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted on 8590 Spanish workers in the Balearic Islands. A series of sociodemographic variables and health-related habits were assessed, while metabolic age was measured using bioimpedance. A metabolic age exceeding chronological age by 12 years or more was considered high. A descriptive analysis of categorical variables was performed by calculating their frequency and distribution. By applying multivariate models, specifically multinomial logistic regression, we observe that all independent variables (sex, age, social class, physical activity, mediterranean diet, and smoking) show varying levels of association with the occurrence of high metabolic age values. Among these independent variables, those showing the highest degree of association, represented by odds ratios, are physical activity, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and social class. In all cases, the observed differences demonstrate a high level of statistical significance (p < 0.001). The factors with the greatest influence were physical inactivity, with an OR of 5.07; and low adherence to the Mediterranean diet, with an OR of 2.8; followed by social class, with an OR of 2.51. Metabolic age increased with chronological age and was higher in males, with an OR of 1.38. Smoking also had a negative impact on metabolic age, with an OR of 1.19. Mediterranean diet is associated with a higher metabolic age. The most influential factors on metabolic age are physical activity and adherence to the Mediterranean diet, followed by the individual's socioeconomic class. Smoking also contributes to increased metabolic age, albeit to a lesser extent.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2024
2024-12-05
2024
2024-12-05
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv research article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/21530
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/21530
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Atribución 4.0 Internacional
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Atribución 4.0 Internacional
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Docusalut
instname:Conselleria de Salut i Consum del Govern de les Illes Balears
instname_str Conselleria de Salut i Consum del Govern de les Illes Balears
reponame_str Docusalut
collection Docusalut
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,811543

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