Case Report: Long-Term Follow-Up of Visceral Leishmaniasis and HIV Coinfected Patients Without Relapse: Lymphoproliferative Response After Stimulation with Soluble Antigen

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has reduced the incidence of VL/HIV dramatically. However, HAART only partially prevents relapses, with one-year relapse rates ranging from 30 to 60%. Consequently, secondary prophylaxis is recommended for patients with <200 CD4+ cells/μL. In clinical...

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Autores: Monge-Maillo, Begoña, Roger-Zapata, Daniel, Dronda, Fernando, Carrillo, Eugenia, Moreno, Javier, Corbacho-Loarte, María Dolores, Gayoso Cantero, Diego, Martín, Oihane, Chamorro-Tojeiro, Sandra, Perez-Molina, Jose A, Norman, Francesca, González-Sanz, Marta, López-Vélez, Rogelio
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)
Repositorio:Repisalud
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/26654
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/26654
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:HIV
Lymphoproliferative response
Recurrence
Relapse
Secondary prevention
Visceral leishmaniasis
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spelling Case Report: Long-Term Follow-Up of Visceral Leishmaniasis and HIV Coinfected Patients Without Relapse: Lymphoproliferative Response After Stimulation with Soluble AntigenMonge-Maillo, BegoñaRoger-Zapata, DanielDronda, FernandoCarrillo, EugeniaMoreno, JavierCorbacho-Loarte, María DoloresGayoso Cantero, DiegoMartín, OihaneChamorro-Tojeiro, SandraPerez-Molina, Jose ANorman, FrancescaGonzález-Sanz, MartaLópez-Vélez, RogelioHIVLymphoproliferative responseRecurrenceRelapseSecondary preventionVisceral leishmaniasisHighly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has reduced the incidence of VL/HIV dramatically. However, HAART only partially prevents relapses, with one-year relapse rates ranging from 30 to 60%. Consequently, secondary prophylaxis is recommended for patients with <200 CD4+ cells/μL. In clinical practice, characterizing cellular immune response could help estimate the risk of relapse in VL/HIV coinfected patients. In this study, the lymphoproliferative response after stimulation with soluble antigen was assessed in 2022 and 2023 in three cases of VL/HIV coinfection with long-term follow-up (17, 8 and 19 years). PCR and rK-39 results for , HIV viral load, CD4 cell count, proliferation index, IFN-γ, IL-2, IP-10, IL-10 and TNF-α were determined. Heterogeneous results were obtained, with only one patient having developed specific cellular immunity against . No cases of relapse were observed. The heterogeneity of lymphoproliferative test results in the three cases described highlights the need to identify surrogate markers of cure to guide maintenance or withdrawal of prophylaxis.Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)20252025-05-1320252025-03-1920252025-03-19research articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/26654reponame:Repisaludinstname:Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/266542026-06-12T12:43:37Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Case Report: Long-Term Follow-Up of Visceral Leishmaniasis and HIV Coinfected Patients Without Relapse: Lymphoproliferative Response After Stimulation with Soluble Antigen
title Case Report: Long-Term Follow-Up of Visceral Leishmaniasis and HIV Coinfected Patients Without Relapse: Lymphoproliferative Response After Stimulation with Soluble Antigen
spellingShingle Case Report: Long-Term Follow-Up of Visceral Leishmaniasis and HIV Coinfected Patients Without Relapse: Lymphoproliferative Response After Stimulation with Soluble Antigen
Monge-Maillo, Begoña
HIV
Lymphoproliferative response
Recurrence
Relapse
Secondary prevention
Visceral leishmaniasis
title_short Case Report: Long-Term Follow-Up of Visceral Leishmaniasis and HIV Coinfected Patients Without Relapse: Lymphoproliferative Response After Stimulation with Soluble Antigen
title_full Case Report: Long-Term Follow-Up of Visceral Leishmaniasis and HIV Coinfected Patients Without Relapse: Lymphoproliferative Response After Stimulation with Soluble Antigen
title_fullStr Case Report: Long-Term Follow-Up of Visceral Leishmaniasis and HIV Coinfected Patients Without Relapse: Lymphoproliferative Response After Stimulation with Soluble Antigen
title_full_unstemmed Case Report: Long-Term Follow-Up of Visceral Leishmaniasis and HIV Coinfected Patients Without Relapse: Lymphoproliferative Response After Stimulation with Soluble Antigen
title_sort Case Report: Long-Term Follow-Up of Visceral Leishmaniasis and HIV Coinfected Patients Without Relapse: Lymphoproliferative Response After Stimulation with Soluble Antigen
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Monge-Maillo, Begoña
Roger-Zapata, Daniel
Dronda, Fernando
Carrillo, Eugenia
Moreno, Javier
Corbacho-Loarte, María Dolores
Gayoso Cantero, Diego
Martín, Oihane
Chamorro-Tojeiro, Sandra
Perez-Molina, Jose A
Norman, Francesca
González-Sanz, Marta
López-Vélez, Rogelio
author Monge-Maillo, Begoña
author_facet Monge-Maillo, Begoña
Roger-Zapata, Daniel
Dronda, Fernando
Carrillo, Eugenia
Moreno, Javier
Corbacho-Loarte, María Dolores
Gayoso Cantero, Diego
Martín, Oihane
Chamorro-Tojeiro, Sandra
Perez-Molina, Jose A
Norman, Francesca
González-Sanz, Marta
López-Vélez, Rogelio
author_role author
author2 Roger-Zapata, Daniel
Dronda, Fernando
Carrillo, Eugenia
Moreno, Javier
Corbacho-Loarte, María Dolores
Gayoso Cantero, Diego
Martín, Oihane
Chamorro-Tojeiro, Sandra
Perez-Molina, Jose A
Norman, Francesca
González-Sanz, Marta
López-Vélez, Rogelio
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv HIV
Lymphoproliferative response
Recurrence
Relapse
Secondary prevention
Visceral leishmaniasis
topic HIV
Lymphoproliferative response
Recurrence
Relapse
Secondary prevention
Visceral leishmaniasis
description Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has reduced the incidence of VL/HIV dramatically. However, HAART only partially prevents relapses, with one-year relapse rates ranging from 30 to 60%. Consequently, secondary prophylaxis is recommended for patients with <200 CD4+ cells/μL. In clinical practice, characterizing cellular immune response could help estimate the risk of relapse in VL/HIV coinfected patients. In this study, the lymphoproliferative response after stimulation with soluble antigen was assessed in 2022 and 2023 in three cases of VL/HIV coinfection with long-term follow-up (17, 8 and 19 years). PCR and rK-39 results for , HIV viral load, CD4 cell count, proliferation index, IFN-γ, IL-2, IP-10, IL-10 and TNF-α were determined. Heterogeneous results were obtained, with only one patient having developed specific cellular immunity against . No cases of relapse were observed. The heterogeneity of lymphoproliferative test results in the three cases described highlights the need to identify surrogate markers of cure to guide maintenance or withdrawal of prophylaxis.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2025-05-13
2025
2025-03-19
2025
2025-03-19
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv research article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/26654
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/26654
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repisalud
instname:Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)
instname_str Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)
reponame_str Repisalud
collection Repisalud
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
_version_ 1869413418055761920
score 15,81155

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