Electrical analysis of logical complexity: an exploratory eeg study of logically valid/invalid deducive inference

[EN] Introduction Logically valid deductive arguments are clear examples of abstract recursive computational procedures on propositions or on probabilities. However, it is not known if the cortical time-consuming inferential processes in which logical arguments are eventually realized in the brain a...

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Autores: Salto Alemany, Francisco, Requena Hernández, Carmen, Álvarez Merino, Paula, Rodríguez Martínez, Víctor, Poza Crespo, Jesús, Hornero Sánchez, Roberto
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:España
Institución:Universidad de León
Repositorio:BULERIA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de León
OAI Identifier:oai:buleria.unileon.es:10612/23236
Acceso en línea:https://braininformatics.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40708-023-00194-8
https://hdl.handle.net/10612/23236
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Educación
Psicología
Beta-2 band
Evoked potentials
Induced potentials
Deductive inference
Logical validity
Cortical bases of logical reasoning
1101 Aplicaciones de la Lógica
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spelling Electrical analysis of logical complexity: an exploratory eeg study of logically valid/invalid deducive inferenceSalto Alemany, FranciscoRequena Hernández, CarmenÁlvarez Merino, PaulaRodríguez Martínez, VíctorPoza Crespo, JesúsHornero Sánchez, RobertoEducaciónPsicologíaBeta-2 bandEvoked potentialsInduced potentialsDeductive inferenceLogical validityCortical bases of logical reasoning1101 Aplicaciones de la Lógica[EN] Introduction Logically valid deductive arguments are clear examples of abstract recursive computational procedures on propositions or on probabilities. However, it is not known if the cortical time-consuming inferential processes in which logical arguments are eventually realized in the brain are in fact physically different from other kinds of inferential processes. Methods In order to determine whether an electrical EEG discernible pattern of logical deduction exists or not, a new experimental paradigm is proposed contrasting logically valid and invalid inferences with exactly the same content (same premises and same relational variables) and distinct logical complexity (propositional truth-functional operators). Electroencephalographic signals from 19 subjects (24.2 ± 3.3 years) were acquired in a two-condition paradigm (100 trials for each condition). After the initial general analysis, a trial-by-trial approach in beta-2 band allowed to uncover not only evoked but also phase asynchronous activity between trials. Results showed that (i) deductive inferences with the same content evoked the same response pattern in logically valid and invalid conditions, (ii) mean response time in logically valid inferences is 61.54% higher, (iii) logically valid inferences are subjected to an early (400 ms) and a late reprocessing (600 ms) verified by two distinct beta-2 activations (p-value < 0,01, Wilcoxon signed rank test). Conclusion We found evidence of a subtle but measurable electrical trait of logical validity. Results put forward the hypothesis that some logically valid deductions are recursive or computational cortical events.SIJunta de Castilla y León; Comisión Europea (fondos FEDER)SpringerOpenLogica y Filosofia de la CienciaFacultad de Educacion2023info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttps://braininformatics.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40708-023-00194-8https://hdl.handle.net/10612/23236reponame:BULERIA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Leóninstname:Universidad de LeónInglésinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/Junta de Castilla y León/2020-2023/LE251P20http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:buleria.unileon.es:10612/232362026-06-24T12:43:27Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Electrical analysis of logical complexity: an exploratory eeg study of logically valid/invalid deducive inference
title Electrical analysis of logical complexity: an exploratory eeg study of logically valid/invalid deducive inference
spellingShingle Electrical analysis of logical complexity: an exploratory eeg study of logically valid/invalid deducive inference
Salto Alemany, Francisco
Educación
Psicología
Beta-2 band
Evoked potentials
Induced potentials
Deductive inference
Logical validity
Cortical bases of logical reasoning
1101 Aplicaciones de la Lógica
title_short Electrical analysis of logical complexity: an exploratory eeg study of logically valid/invalid deducive inference
title_full Electrical analysis of logical complexity: an exploratory eeg study of logically valid/invalid deducive inference
title_fullStr Electrical analysis of logical complexity: an exploratory eeg study of logically valid/invalid deducive inference
title_full_unstemmed Electrical analysis of logical complexity: an exploratory eeg study of logically valid/invalid deducive inference
title_sort Electrical analysis of logical complexity: an exploratory eeg study of logically valid/invalid deducive inference
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Salto Alemany, Francisco
Requena Hernández, Carmen
Álvarez Merino, Paula
Rodríguez Martínez, Víctor
Poza Crespo, Jesús
Hornero Sánchez, Roberto
author Salto Alemany, Francisco
author_facet Salto Alemany, Francisco
Requena Hernández, Carmen
Álvarez Merino, Paula
Rodríguez Martínez, Víctor
Poza Crespo, Jesús
Hornero Sánchez, Roberto
author_role author
author2 Requena Hernández, Carmen
Álvarez Merino, Paula
Rodríguez Martínez, Víctor
Poza Crespo, Jesús
Hornero Sánchez, Roberto
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Logica y Filosofia de la Ciencia
Facultad de Educacion
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Educación
Psicología
Beta-2 band
Evoked potentials
Induced potentials
Deductive inference
Logical validity
Cortical bases of logical reasoning
1101 Aplicaciones de la Lógica
topic Educación
Psicología
Beta-2 band
Evoked potentials
Induced potentials
Deductive inference
Logical validity
Cortical bases of logical reasoning
1101 Aplicaciones de la Lógica
description [EN] Introduction Logically valid deductive arguments are clear examples of abstract recursive computational procedures on propositions or on probabilities. However, it is not known if the cortical time-consuming inferential processes in which logical arguments are eventually realized in the brain are in fact physically different from other kinds of inferential processes. Methods In order to determine whether an electrical EEG discernible pattern of logical deduction exists or not, a new experimental paradigm is proposed contrasting logically valid and invalid inferences with exactly the same content (same premises and same relational variables) and distinct logical complexity (propositional truth-functional operators). Electroencephalographic signals from 19 subjects (24.2 ± 3.3 years) were acquired in a two-condition paradigm (100 trials for each condition). After the initial general analysis, a trial-by-trial approach in beta-2 band allowed to uncover not only evoked but also phase asynchronous activity between trials. Results showed that (i) deductive inferences with the same content evoked the same response pattern in logically valid and invalid conditions, (ii) mean response time in logically valid inferences is 61.54% higher, (iii) logically valid inferences are subjected to an early (400 ms) and a late reprocessing (600 ms) verified by two distinct beta-2 activations (p-value < 0,01, Wilcoxon signed rank test). Conclusion We found evidence of a subtle but measurable electrical trait of logical validity. Results put forward the hypothesis that some logically valid deductions are recursive or computational cortical events.
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://braininformatics.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40708-023-00194-8
https://hdl.handle.net/10612/23236
url https://braininformatics.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40708-023-00194-8
https://hdl.handle.net/10612/23236
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/Junta de Castilla y León/2020-2023/LE251P20
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv SpringerOpen
publisher.none.fl_str_mv SpringerOpen
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:BULERIA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de León
instname:Universidad de León
instname_str Universidad de León
reponame_str BULERIA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de León
collection BULERIA. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de León
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.812455

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