Eruptive evolution and 3D geological modeling of Camp dels Ninots maar-diatreme (Catalonia) through continuous intra-crater drill coring

Camp dels Ninots is a mixed hard-soft maar-diatreme located in the Catalan Volcanic Zone (NE of Iberia), in which intra-maar lake sediments have preserved one of the most remarkable Pliocene fossil records in Europe. Geophysical surveys combined with the geological map and 11 boreholes, including tw...

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Autores: Bolós, Xavier, Oms, Oriol, Rodríguez-Salgado, Pablo, Martí Molist, Joan, Gómez de Soler, Bruno, Campeny, Gerard
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión aceptada para publicación
Fecha de publicación:2021
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/251362
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/251362
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Intra-crater succession
Three-dimensional geologic modeling
Phreatomagmatism
Drill core
Camp dels Ninots
Maar-diatreme
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spelling Eruptive evolution and 3D geological modeling of Camp dels Ninots maar-diatreme (Catalonia) through continuous intra-crater drill coringBolós, XavierOms, OriolRodríguez-Salgado, PabloMartí Molist, JoanGómez de Soler, BrunoCampeny, GerardIntra-crater successionThree-dimensional geologic modelingPhreatomagmatismDrill coreCamp dels NinotsMaar-diatremeCamp dels Ninots is a mixed hard-soft maar-diatreme located in the Catalan Volcanic Zone (NE of Iberia), in which intra-maar lake sediments have preserved one of the most remarkable Pliocene fossil records in Europe. Geophysical surveys combined with the geological map and 11 boreholes, including two new continuous intra-crater drill cores, have enabled the construction of a 3D geological model of this maar-diatreme and its basement. The formation of this maar-diatreme started with a vent-opening phreatomagmatic explosion at the intersection between a regional fault and the Paleozoic groundwater level at a depth of 210 m. We infer and calculate the geometry, dip direction and dip angle of this regional fault. During the eruption, mixed Strombolian and phreatomagmatic episodes occurred, forming the tuff ring and filling the diatreme with minimum estimated volumes of 0.012 and 0.004 km3, respectively. The diatreme infill is composed of three main lithofacies that include tuff-breccias, welded scoriae, and mafic intrusions into the phreatomagmatic breccias. Thus, the stratigraphy of the diatreme succession suggests a progression of explosive events from deeper to shallower zones with short lateral migration of explosion vents, which control its final morphology, without evidence for significant deep enlargement of the diatreme during the later phases. This generated a wide funnel-shaped with low diatreme wall angles that differs from kimberlite pipes with great depths and sharp slope geometries. Hence, such 3D geological model helps to understand the complex architecture of maar-diatreme structures, highlighting the lack of geological modeling of this type of monogenetic system.We would like to thank the landowners, especially Mr. Jaume (Met), for their permission and help to work in the area, and the Town Council of Caldes de Malavella. We also would like to the Departament de Cultura of the Generalitat de Catalunya for the economic funding of the drill coring campaign under the project CLT009/18/00052. This study was partially funded by the project of the Spanish Government and the SGR2017-859 and SGR-2017-1666 projects of the Generalitat de Catalunya. X. Bolós was funded by a UNAM-DGAPA postdoctoral fellowship (2016–2018). O. Oms is part of SGR-2017-1666 Research Group of the Generalitat de Catalunya. B. Gómez de Soler and G. Campeny are funded by the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya. The Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES-CERCA) has received financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the ‘María de Maeztu’ program for Units of Excellence (CEX2019-000945-M).Peer reviewedElsevierMinisterio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)Generalitat de CatalunyaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMartí Molist, Joan [0000-0003-3930-8603]Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]202120212021info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Postprintinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/251362reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/CEX2019-000945-Mhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2021.107369Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/2513622026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Eruptive evolution and 3D geological modeling of Camp dels Ninots maar-diatreme (Catalonia) through continuous intra-crater drill coring
title Eruptive evolution and 3D geological modeling of Camp dels Ninots maar-diatreme (Catalonia) through continuous intra-crater drill coring
spellingShingle Eruptive evolution and 3D geological modeling of Camp dels Ninots maar-diatreme (Catalonia) through continuous intra-crater drill coring
Bolós, Xavier
Intra-crater succession
Three-dimensional geologic modeling
Phreatomagmatism
Drill core
Camp dels Ninots
Maar-diatreme
title_short Eruptive evolution and 3D geological modeling of Camp dels Ninots maar-diatreme (Catalonia) through continuous intra-crater drill coring
title_full Eruptive evolution and 3D geological modeling of Camp dels Ninots maar-diatreme (Catalonia) through continuous intra-crater drill coring
title_fullStr Eruptive evolution and 3D geological modeling of Camp dels Ninots maar-diatreme (Catalonia) through continuous intra-crater drill coring
title_full_unstemmed Eruptive evolution and 3D geological modeling of Camp dels Ninots maar-diatreme (Catalonia) through continuous intra-crater drill coring
title_sort Eruptive evolution and 3D geological modeling of Camp dels Ninots maar-diatreme (Catalonia) through continuous intra-crater drill coring
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Bolós, Xavier
Oms, Oriol
Rodríguez-Salgado, Pablo
Martí Molist, Joan
Gómez de Soler, Bruno
Campeny, Gerard
author Bolós, Xavier
author_facet Bolós, Xavier
Oms, Oriol
Rodríguez-Salgado, Pablo
Martí Molist, Joan
Gómez de Soler, Bruno
Campeny, Gerard
author_role author
author2 Oms, Oriol
Rodríguez-Salgado, Pablo
Martí Molist, Joan
Gómez de Soler, Bruno
Campeny, Gerard
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)
Generalitat de Catalunya
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Martí Molist, Joan [0000-0003-3930-8603]
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Intra-crater succession
Three-dimensional geologic modeling
Phreatomagmatism
Drill core
Camp dels Ninots
Maar-diatreme
topic Intra-crater succession
Three-dimensional geologic modeling
Phreatomagmatism
Drill core
Camp dels Ninots
Maar-diatreme
description Camp dels Ninots is a mixed hard-soft maar-diatreme located in the Catalan Volcanic Zone (NE of Iberia), in which intra-maar lake sediments have preserved one of the most remarkable Pliocene fossil records in Europe. Geophysical surveys combined with the geological map and 11 boreholes, including two new continuous intra-crater drill cores, have enabled the construction of a 3D geological model of this maar-diatreme and its basement. The formation of this maar-diatreme started with a vent-opening phreatomagmatic explosion at the intersection between a regional fault and the Paleozoic groundwater level at a depth of 210 m. We infer and calculate the geometry, dip direction and dip angle of this regional fault. During the eruption, mixed Strombolian and phreatomagmatic episodes occurred, forming the tuff ring and filling the diatreme with minimum estimated volumes of 0.012 and 0.004 km3, respectively. The diatreme infill is composed of three main lithofacies that include tuff-breccias, welded scoriae, and mafic intrusions into the phreatomagmatic breccias. Thus, the stratigraphy of the diatreme succession suggests a progression of explosive events from deeper to shallower zones with short lateral migration of explosion vents, which control its final morphology, without evidence for significant deep enlargement of the diatreme during the later phases. This generated a wide funnel-shaped with low diatreme wall angles that differs from kimberlite pipes with great depths and sharp slope geometries. Hence, such 3D geological model helps to understand the complex architecture of maar-diatreme structures, highlighting the lack of geological modeling of this type of monogenetic system.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021
2021
2021
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Postprint
info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
format article
status_str acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/251362
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/251362
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/CEX2019-000945-M
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2021.107369
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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