Generation of human dopaminergic neurons from induced pluripotent stem cells to model Parkinson's disease
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is an incurable, chronically progressive neurodegenerative disease leading to premature invalidity and death. The locomotor disability of PD patients is mainly rooted in the gradual and insidious degeneration of dopaminergic neurons (DA) projecting from the midbrain substant...
| Autor: | |
|---|---|
| Tipo de recurso: | tesis doctoral |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2012 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | CBUC, CESCA |
| Repositorio: | TDR. Tesis Doctorales en Red |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:www.tdx.cat:10803/96912 |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/10803/96912 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Pluripotent stem cells Parkinson’s Disease Dopaminergic neurons LMX1A Disease modeling Neurodegeneration Cèl•lules mare pluripotents Malaltia de Parkinson Neurones dopaminèrgiques Modelatge de malalties Neurodegeneració 616.8 |
| Sumario: | Parkinson’s disease (PD) is an incurable, chronically progressive neurodegenerative disease leading to premature invalidity and death. The locomotor disability of PD patients is mainly rooted in the gradual and insidious degeneration of dopaminergic neurons (DA) projecting from the midbrain substantia nigra (SN) to the basal ganglia striatum, a pathological process highlighted microscopically by the formation of insoluble cytosolic protein aggregates, known as Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites. The pathogenic mechanisms leading to PD remain poorly understood, arguably owing to the lack of suitable animal and cellular experimental models of the disease. Therefore, there is an urgent need for developing reliable experimental models that recapitulate the key features of PD. The recent development of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology has enabled the generation of patient-specific iPSC and their use to model human diseases, although it is currently unclear whether this approach could be useful to successfully model age-related conditions. Importantly, disease modeling using iPSC largely relies on the existence of efficient protocols for the differentiation of disease-relevant cell types. Here, we first developed an efficient protocol for the differentiation of iPSC to authentic midbrain-specific DA neurons with SN properties by forced expression of LMX1A using a lentivirus-mediated gene delivery system. Next, we generated an iPSC-based cellular model of PD that recapitulates key phenotypic features of PD, such as DA neuron loss and α-synuclein accumulation in DA neurons from PD patients. Overall, our results demonstrate that we have developed a valuable tool for elucidating the pathogenic mechanisms leading to PD, as well as an experimental platform for screening new drugs that may prevent or rescue neurodegeneration in PD. |
|---|