Population genomics and molecular epidemiology of wheat powdery mildew in Europe
Agricultural diseases are a major threat to sustainable food production. Yet, for many pathogens we know exceptionally little about their epidemiological and population dynamics, and this knowledge gap is slowing the development of efficient control strategies. Here we study the population genomics...
| Autores: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Tipo de recurso: | artículo |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2025 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA) |
| Repositorio: | IRTA Pubpro. Open Digital Archive |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:repositori.irta.cat:20.500.12327/4559 |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12327/4559 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003097 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | 632 633 |
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Population genomics and molecular epidemiology of wheat powdery mildew in EuropeJigisha, JigishaLy, JeanineMinadakis, NikolaosFreund, FabianKunz, LukasPiechota, UrszulaAkin, BeyhanBalmas, VirgilioBen-David, RoiBourras, SalimBozzoli, MatteoCotuna, OtiliaCouleaud, GillesCséplő, MónikaCzembor, PawełDesiderio, FrancescaDörnte, JostDreiseitl, AntonínFeechan, AngelaGadaleta, AgataGauthier, KevinGiancaspro, AngelicaGiove, Stefania L.Handley-Cornillet, AlainHubbard, AmeliaKaraoglanidis, GeorgeKildea, StevenKoc, EmrahLiatukas, Žilvinasda Silva Lopes, MartaMascher, FabioMcCabe, CathalMiedaner, ThomasMartínez-Moreno, FernandoNellist, Charlotte F.Okoń, SylwiaPraz, CoralineSánchez-Martín, JavierSărăţeanu, VeronicaSchulz, PhilippSchwartz, NathalieSeghetta, DanieleSolís Martel, IgnacioŠvarta, AgritaTestempasis, StefanosVillegas, DolorsWidrig, VictoriaMenardo, Fabrizio632633Agricultural diseases are a major threat to sustainable food production. Yet, for many pathogens we know exceptionally little about their epidemiological and population dynamics, and this knowledge gap is slowing the development of efficient control strategies. Here we study the population genomics and molecular epidemiology of wheat powdery mildew, a disease caused by the biotrophic fungus Blumeria graminis forma specialis tritici (Bgt). We sampled Bgt across two consecutive years, 2022 and 2023, and compiled a genomic dataset of 415 Bgt isolates from 22 countries in Europe and surrounding regions. We identified a single epidemic unit in the north of Europe, consisting of a highly homogeneous population. Conversely, the south of Europe hosts smaller local populations which are less interconnected. In addition, we show that the population structure can be largely predicted by the prevalent wind patterns. We identified several loci that were under selection in the recent past, including fungicide targets and avirulence genes. Some of these loci are common between populations, while others are not, suggesting different local selective pressures. We reconstructed the evolutionary history of one of these loci, AvrPm17, coding for an effector recognized by the wheat receptor Pm17. We found evidence for a soft sweep on standing genetic variation. Multiple AvrPm17 haplotypes, which can partially escape recognition by Pm17, spread rapidly throughout the continent upon its introduction in the early 2000s. We also identified a new virulent variant, which emerged more recently and can evade Pm17 resistance altogether. Overall, we highlight the potential of genomic surveillance in resolving the evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of agricultural pathogens, as well as in guiding control strategies.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionPublic Library of ScienceProducció VegetalCultius Extensius SosteniblesBencze, Szilvia202520252025info:eu-repo/semantics/article32application/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12327/4559https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003097reponame:IRTA Pubpro. Open Digital Archiveinstname:Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA)InglésPlos BiologyAttribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:repositori.irta.cat:20.500.12327/45592026-06-16T08:51:17Z |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Population genomics and molecular epidemiology of wheat powdery mildew in Europe |
| title |
Population genomics and molecular epidemiology of wheat powdery mildew in Europe |
| spellingShingle |
Population genomics and molecular epidemiology of wheat powdery mildew in Europe Jigisha, Jigisha 632 633 |
| title_short |
Population genomics and molecular epidemiology of wheat powdery mildew in Europe |
| title_full |
Population genomics and molecular epidemiology of wheat powdery mildew in Europe |
| title_fullStr |
Population genomics and molecular epidemiology of wheat powdery mildew in Europe |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Population genomics and molecular epidemiology of wheat powdery mildew in Europe |
| title_sort |
Population genomics and molecular epidemiology of wheat powdery mildew in Europe |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Jigisha, Jigisha Ly, Jeanine Minadakis, Nikolaos Freund, Fabian Kunz, Lukas Piechota, Urszula Akin, Beyhan Balmas, Virgilio Ben-David, Roi Bourras, Salim Bozzoli, Matteo Cotuna, Otilia Couleaud, Gilles Cséplő, Mónika Czembor, Paweł Desiderio, Francesca Dörnte, Jost Dreiseitl, Antonín Feechan, Angela Gadaleta, Agata Gauthier, Kevin Giancaspro, Angelica Giove, Stefania L. Handley-Cornillet, Alain Hubbard, Amelia Karaoglanidis, George Kildea, Steven Koc, Emrah Liatukas, Žilvinas da Silva Lopes, Marta Mascher, Fabio McCabe, Cathal Miedaner, Thomas Martínez-Moreno, Fernando Nellist, Charlotte F. Okoń, Sylwia Praz, Coraline Sánchez-Martín, Javier Sărăţeanu, Veronica Schulz, Philipp Schwartz, Nathalie Seghetta, Daniele Solís Martel, Ignacio Švarta, Agrita Testempasis, Stefanos Villegas, Dolors Widrig, Victoria Menardo, Fabrizio |
| author |
Jigisha, Jigisha |
| author_facet |
Jigisha, Jigisha Ly, Jeanine Minadakis, Nikolaos Freund, Fabian Kunz, Lukas Piechota, Urszula Akin, Beyhan Balmas, Virgilio Ben-David, Roi Bourras, Salim Bozzoli, Matteo Cotuna, Otilia Couleaud, Gilles Cséplő, Mónika Czembor, Paweł Desiderio, Francesca Dörnte, Jost Dreiseitl, Antonín Feechan, Angela Gadaleta, Agata Gauthier, Kevin Giancaspro, Angelica Giove, Stefania L. Handley-Cornillet, Alain Hubbard, Amelia Karaoglanidis, George Kildea, Steven Koc, Emrah Liatukas, Žilvinas da Silva Lopes, Marta Mascher, Fabio McCabe, Cathal Miedaner, Thomas Martínez-Moreno, Fernando Nellist, Charlotte F. Okoń, Sylwia Praz, Coraline Sánchez-Martín, Javier Sărăţeanu, Veronica Schulz, Philipp Schwartz, Nathalie Seghetta, Daniele Solís Martel, Ignacio Švarta, Agrita Testempasis, Stefanos Villegas, Dolors Widrig, Victoria Menardo, Fabrizio |
| author_role |
author |
| author2 |
Ly, Jeanine Minadakis, Nikolaos Freund, Fabian Kunz, Lukas Piechota, Urszula Akin, Beyhan Balmas, Virgilio Ben-David, Roi Bourras, Salim Bozzoli, Matteo Cotuna, Otilia Couleaud, Gilles Cséplő, Mónika Czembor, Paweł Desiderio, Francesca Dörnte, Jost Dreiseitl, Antonín Feechan, Angela Gadaleta, Agata Gauthier, Kevin Giancaspro, Angelica Giove, Stefania L. Handley-Cornillet, Alain Hubbard, Amelia Karaoglanidis, George Kildea, Steven Koc, Emrah Liatukas, Žilvinas da Silva Lopes, Marta Mascher, Fabio McCabe, Cathal Miedaner, Thomas Martínez-Moreno, Fernando Nellist, Charlotte F. Okoń, Sylwia Praz, Coraline Sánchez-Martín, Javier Sărăţeanu, Veronica Schulz, Philipp Schwartz, Nathalie Seghetta, Daniele Solís Martel, Ignacio Švarta, Agrita Testempasis, Stefanos Villegas, Dolors Widrig, Victoria Menardo, Fabrizio |
| author2_role |
author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author |
| dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Producció Vegetal Cultius Extensius Sostenibles Bencze, Szilvia |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
632 633 |
| topic |
632 633 |
| description |
Agricultural diseases are a major threat to sustainable food production. Yet, for many pathogens we know exceptionally little about their epidemiological and population dynamics, and this knowledge gap is slowing the development of efficient control strategies. Here we study the population genomics and molecular epidemiology of wheat powdery mildew, a disease caused by the biotrophic fungus Blumeria graminis forma specialis tritici (Bgt). We sampled Bgt across two consecutive years, 2022 and 2023, and compiled a genomic dataset of 415 Bgt isolates from 22 countries in Europe and surrounding regions. We identified a single epidemic unit in the north of Europe, consisting of a highly homogeneous population. Conversely, the south of Europe hosts smaller local populations which are less interconnected. In addition, we show that the population structure can be largely predicted by the prevalent wind patterns. We identified several loci that were under selection in the recent past, including fungicide targets and avirulence genes. Some of these loci are common between populations, while others are not, suggesting different local selective pressures. We reconstructed the evolutionary history of one of these loci, AvrPm17, coding for an effector recognized by the wheat receptor Pm17. We found evidence for a soft sweep on standing genetic variation. Multiple AvrPm17 haplotypes, which can partially escape recognition by Pm17, spread rapidly throughout the continent upon its introduction in the early 2000s. We also identified a new virulent variant, which emerged more recently and can evade Pm17 resistance altogether. Overall, we highlight the potential of genomic surveillance in resolving the evolutionary and epidemiological dynamics of agricultural pathogens, as well as in guiding control strategies. |
| publishDate |
2025 |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2025 2025 2025 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
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article |
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http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12327/4559 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003097 |
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http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12327/4559 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3003097 |
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Inglés |
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Inglés |
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Plos Biology |
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Attribution 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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Attribution 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
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openAccess |
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32 application/pdf |
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Public Library of Science |
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Public Library of Science |
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