High-throughput field phenotyping in cereals and implications in plant ecophysiology
[eng] Global climate change effects on agroecosystems together with increasing world population is already threatening food security and endangering ecosystem stability. Meet global food demand with crops production under climate change scenario is the core challenge in plant research nowadays. Thus...
| Autor: | |
|---|---|
| Tipo de recurso: | tesis doctoral |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2019 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Universidad de Barcelona |
| Repositorio: | Dipòsit Digital de la UB |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:diposit.ub.edu:2445/148300 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/2445/148300 http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668314 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Fenotip Canvi climàtic Phenotype Crops Conreus Cereals Climatic change |
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High-throughput field phenotyping in cereals and implications in plant ecophysiology |
| title |
High-throughput field phenotyping in cereals and implications in plant ecophysiology |
| spellingShingle |
High-throughput field phenotyping in cereals and implications in plant ecophysiology Vergara Díaz, Omar Fenotip Canvi climàtic Phenotype Crops Conreus Cereals Climatic change |
| title_short |
High-throughput field phenotyping in cereals and implications in plant ecophysiology |
| title_full |
High-throughput field phenotyping in cereals and implications in plant ecophysiology |
| title_fullStr |
High-throughput field phenotyping in cereals and implications in plant ecophysiology |
| title_full_unstemmed |
High-throughput field phenotyping in cereals and implications in plant ecophysiology |
| title_sort |
High-throughput field phenotyping in cereals and implications in plant ecophysiology |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Vergara Díaz, Omar |
| author |
Vergara Díaz, Omar |
| author_facet |
Vergara Díaz, Omar |
| author_role |
author |
| dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Araus Ortega, José Luis Universitat de Barcelona. Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
Fenotip Canvi climàtic Phenotype Crops Conreus Cereals Climatic change |
| topic |
Fenotip Canvi climàtic Phenotype Crops Conreus Cereals Climatic change |
| description |
[eng] Global climate change effects on agroecosystems together with increasing world population is already threatening food security and endangering ecosystem stability. Meet global food demand with crops production under climate change scenario is the core challenge in plant research nowadays. Thus, there is an urgent need to better understand the underpinning mechanisms of plant acclimation to stress conditions contributing to obtain resilient crops. Also, it is essential to develop new methods in plant research that permit to better characterize non-destructively plant traits of interest. In this sense, the advance in plant phenotyping research by high throughput systems is key to overcome these challenges, while its verification in the field may clear doubts on its feasibility. To this aim, this thesis focused on wheat and secondarily on maize as study species as they make up the major staple crops worldwide. A large panoply of phenotyping methods was employed in these works, ranging from RGB and hyperspectral sensing to metabolomic characterization, besides of other more conventional traits. All research was performed with trials grown in the field and diverse stressor conditions representative of major constrains for plant growth and production were studied: water stress, nitrogen deficiency and disease stress. Our results demonstrated the great potential of leave-to-canopy color traits captured by RGB sensors for in-field phenotyping, as they were accurate and robust indicators of grain yield in wheat and maize under disease and nitrogen deficiency conditions and of leaf nitrogen concentration in maize. On the other hand, the characterization of the metabolome of wheat tissues contributed to elucidate the metabolic mechanisms triggered by water stress and their relationship with high yielding performance, providing some potential biomarkers for higher yields and stress adaptation. Spectroscopic studies in wheat highlighted that leaf dorsoventrality may affect more than water stress on the reflected spectrum and consequently the performance of the multispectral/hyperspectral approaches to assess yield or any other relevant phenotypic trait. Anatomy, pigments and water changes were responsible of reflectance differences and the existence of leaf-side-specific responses were discussed. Finally, the use of spectroscopy for the estimation of the metabolite profiles of wheat organs showed promising for many metabolites which could pave the way for a new generation phenotyping. We concluded that future phenotyping may benefit from these findings in both the low-cost and straightforward methods and the more complex and frontier technologies. |
| publishDate |
2019 |
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2019 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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doctoralThesis |
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publishedVersion |
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https://hdl.handle.net/2445/148300 http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668314 |
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https://hdl.handle.net/2445/148300 http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668314 |
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Inglés |
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Inglés |
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cc-by, (c) Vergara, 2019 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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cc-by, (c) Vergara, 2019 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ |
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openAccess |
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application/pdf |
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Universitat de Barcelona |
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Universitat de Barcelona |
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Tesis Doctorals - Departament - Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals reponame:Dipòsit Digital de la UB instname:Universidad de Barcelona |
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Universidad de Barcelona |
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Dipòsit Digital de la UB |
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Dipòsit Digital de la UB |
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1869413178416300032 |
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High-throughput field phenotyping in cereals and implications in plant ecophysiologyVergara Díaz, OmarFenotipCanvi climàticPhenotypeCropsConreusCerealsClimatic change[eng] Global climate change effects on agroecosystems together with increasing world population is already threatening food security and endangering ecosystem stability. Meet global food demand with crops production under climate change scenario is the core challenge in plant research nowadays. Thus, there is an urgent need to better understand the underpinning mechanisms of plant acclimation to stress conditions contributing to obtain resilient crops. Also, it is essential to develop new methods in plant research that permit to better characterize non-destructively plant traits of interest. In this sense, the advance in plant phenotyping research by high throughput systems is key to overcome these challenges, while its verification in the field may clear doubts on its feasibility. To this aim, this thesis focused on wheat and secondarily on maize as study species as they make up the major staple crops worldwide. A large panoply of phenotyping methods was employed in these works, ranging from RGB and hyperspectral sensing to metabolomic characterization, besides of other more conventional traits. All research was performed with trials grown in the field and diverse stressor conditions representative of major constrains for plant growth and production were studied: water stress, nitrogen deficiency and disease stress. Our results demonstrated the great potential of leave-to-canopy color traits captured by RGB sensors for in-field phenotyping, as they were accurate and robust indicators of grain yield in wheat and maize under disease and nitrogen deficiency conditions and of leaf nitrogen concentration in maize. On the other hand, the characterization of the metabolome of wheat tissues contributed to elucidate the metabolic mechanisms triggered by water stress and their relationship with high yielding performance, providing some potential biomarkers for higher yields and stress adaptation. Spectroscopic studies in wheat highlighted that leaf dorsoventrality may affect more than water stress on the reflected spectrum and consequently the performance of the multispectral/hyperspectral approaches to assess yield or any other relevant phenotypic trait. Anatomy, pigments and water changes were responsible of reflectance differences and the existence of leaf-side-specific responses were discussed. Finally, the use of spectroscopy for the estimation of the metabolite profiles of wheat organs showed promising for many metabolites which could pave the way for a new generation phenotyping. We concluded that future phenotyping may benefit from these findings in both the low-cost and straightforward methods and the more complex and frontier technologies.[cat] Els efectes del canvi climàtic sobre els agro-ecosistemes i l’increment de la població mundial posa en risc la seguretat alimentària i l’estabilitat dels ecosistemes. Actualment, satisfer les demandes de producció d’aliments sota l’escenari del canvi climàtic és el repte central a la Biologia Vegetal. Per això, és indispensable entendre els mecanismes subjacents de l’aclimatació a l’estrès que permeten obtenir cultius resilients. També és precís desenvolupar nou mètodes de recerca que permetin caracteritzar de manera no destructiva els trets d’interès. L’avenç del fenotipat vegetal amb sistemes d’alt rendiment és clau per abordar aquests reptes. La present tesi s’enfoca en el blat i secundàriament en el panís com a espècies d’estudi ja que constitueixen els cultius bàsics arreu del món. Un ampli ventall de mètodes de fenotipat s’han utilitzat, des sensors RGB a híper-espectrals fins a la caracterització metabolòmica. La recerca s’ha dut a terme en assajos de camp i s’han avaluat diversos tipus d’estrès representatius de les majors limitacions pel creixement i producció vegetal: estrès hídric i biòtic i deficiència de nitrogen. Els resultats demostraren el gran potencial dels trets del color RGB (des de la planta a la capçada) pel fenotipat de camp, ja que foren indicadors precisos del rendiment a blat i panís sota condicions de malaltia i deficiència de nitrogen i de la concentració de nitrogen foliar a panís. La caracterització metabolòmica de teixits de blat contribuí a esbrinar els processos metabòlics endegats per l’estrès hídric i la seva relació amb comportament genotípic, proporcionant bio-marcadors potencials per rendiments més alts i l’adaptació a l’estrès. Estudis espectroscòpics en blat van demostrar que la dorsoventralitat pot afectar més que l’estrès hídric sobre l’espectre de reflectància i consegüentment sobre el comportament de les aproximacions multi/híper-espectrals per avaluar el rendiment i d’altres trets fenotípics com anatòmics i contingut de pigments. Finalment, l’ús de l’espectroscòpia per l’estimació del contingut metabòlic als teixits de blat resulta prometedor per molts metabòlits, la qual cosa obre les portes per a un fenotipat de nova generació. El fenotipat pot beneficiar-se d’aquestes troballes, tant en els mètodes de baix cost com de les tecnologies més sofisticades i d’avantguarda.Universitat de BarcelonaAraus Ortega, José LuisUniversitat de Barcelona. Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals2019info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2445/148300http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668314Tesis Doctorals - Departament - Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientalsreponame:Dipòsit Digital de la UBinstname:Universidad de BarcelonaIngléscc-by, (c) Vergara, 2019http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:diposit.ub.edu:2445/1483002026-05-27T06:46:51Z |
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15.301603 |