Overcoming the Inflammatory Stage of Non-Healing Wounds: In Vitro Mechanism of Action of Negatively Charged Microspheres (NCMs)

Negatively charged microspheres (NCMs) represent a new therapeutic approach for wound healing since recent clinical trials have shown NCM efficacy in the recovery of hard-to-heal wounds that tend to stay in the inflammatory phase, unlocking the healing process. The aim of this study was to elucidate...

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Autores: Santos Vizcaíno, Edorta, Salvador Martínez, Aiala, Vairo, Claudia, Igartua Olaechea, Manuela, Hernández Martín, Rosa María, Correa, Luis, Villullas, Silvia, Gainza Luzea, Garazi
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2020
País:España
Institución:Universidad del País Vasco
Repositorio:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
OAI Identifier:oai:addi.ehu.eus:10810/44970
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10810/44970
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:chronic wound
device
foot ulcer
inflammation
wound healing
macrophage
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spelling Overcoming the Inflammatory Stage of Non-Healing Wounds: In Vitro Mechanism of Action of Negatively Charged Microspheres (NCMs)Santos Vizcaíno, EdortaSalvador Martínez, AialaVairo, ClaudiaIgartua Olaechea, ManuelaHernández Martín, Rosa MaríaCorrea, LuisVillullas, SilviaGainza Luzea, Garazichronic wounddevicefoot ulcerinflammationwound healingmacrophageNegatively charged microspheres (NCMs) represent a new therapeutic approach for wound healing since recent clinical trials have shown NCM efficacy in the recovery of hard-to-heal wounds that tend to stay in the inflammatory phase, unlocking the healing process. The aim of this study was to elucidate the NCM mechanism of action. NCMs were extracted from a commercial microsphere formulation (PolyHeal® Micro) and cytotoxicity, attachment, proliferation and viability assays were performed in keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts, while macrophages were used for the phagocytosis and polarization assays. We demonstrated that cells tend to attach to the microsphere surface, and that NCMs are biocompatible and promote cell proliferation at specific concentrations (50 and 10 NCM/cell) by a minimum of 3 fold compared to the control group. Furthermore, NCM internalization by macrophages seemed to drive these cells to a noninflammatory condition, as demonstrated by the over-expression of CD206 and the under-expression of CD64, M2 and M1 markers, respectively. NCMs are an effective approach for reverting the chronic inflammatory state of stagnant wounds (such as diabetic wounds) and thus for improving wound healing.The present work was partially funded by the Basque Government (Consolidated Groups, IT-907-16 and HAZITEK, ZE-2017/00014) and co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF).MDPI2020202020202020info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10810/44970reponame:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigacióninstname:Universidad del País VascoIngléshttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/6/1108/htminfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).oai:addi.ehu.eus:10810/449702026-06-18T09:23:17Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Overcoming the Inflammatory Stage of Non-Healing Wounds: In Vitro Mechanism of Action of Negatively Charged Microspheres (NCMs)
title Overcoming the Inflammatory Stage of Non-Healing Wounds: In Vitro Mechanism of Action of Negatively Charged Microspheres (NCMs)
spellingShingle Overcoming the Inflammatory Stage of Non-Healing Wounds: In Vitro Mechanism of Action of Negatively Charged Microspheres (NCMs)
Santos Vizcaíno, Edorta
chronic wound
device
foot ulcer
inflammation
wound healing
macrophage
title_short Overcoming the Inflammatory Stage of Non-Healing Wounds: In Vitro Mechanism of Action of Negatively Charged Microspheres (NCMs)
title_full Overcoming the Inflammatory Stage of Non-Healing Wounds: In Vitro Mechanism of Action of Negatively Charged Microspheres (NCMs)
title_fullStr Overcoming the Inflammatory Stage of Non-Healing Wounds: In Vitro Mechanism of Action of Negatively Charged Microspheres (NCMs)
title_full_unstemmed Overcoming the Inflammatory Stage of Non-Healing Wounds: In Vitro Mechanism of Action of Negatively Charged Microspheres (NCMs)
title_sort Overcoming the Inflammatory Stage of Non-Healing Wounds: In Vitro Mechanism of Action of Negatively Charged Microspheres (NCMs)
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Santos Vizcaíno, Edorta
Salvador Martínez, Aiala
Vairo, Claudia
Igartua Olaechea, Manuela
Hernández Martín, Rosa María
Correa, Luis
Villullas, Silvia
Gainza Luzea, Garazi
author Santos Vizcaíno, Edorta
author_facet Santos Vizcaíno, Edorta
Salvador Martínez, Aiala
Vairo, Claudia
Igartua Olaechea, Manuela
Hernández Martín, Rosa María
Correa, Luis
Villullas, Silvia
Gainza Luzea, Garazi
author_role author
author2 Salvador Martínez, Aiala
Vairo, Claudia
Igartua Olaechea, Manuela
Hernández Martín, Rosa María
Correa, Luis
Villullas, Silvia
Gainza Luzea, Garazi
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv chronic wound
device
foot ulcer
inflammation
wound healing
macrophage
topic chronic wound
device
foot ulcer
inflammation
wound healing
macrophage
description Negatively charged microspheres (NCMs) represent a new therapeutic approach for wound healing since recent clinical trials have shown NCM efficacy in the recovery of hard-to-heal wounds that tend to stay in the inflammatory phase, unlocking the healing process. The aim of this study was to elucidate the NCM mechanism of action. NCMs were extracted from a commercial microsphere formulation (PolyHeal® Micro) and cytotoxicity, attachment, proliferation and viability assays were performed in keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts, while macrophages were used for the phagocytosis and polarization assays. We demonstrated that cells tend to attach to the microsphere surface, and that NCMs are biocompatible and promote cell proliferation at specific concentrations (50 and 10 NCM/cell) by a minimum of 3 fold compared to the control group. Furthermore, NCM internalization by macrophages seemed to drive these cells to a noninflammatory condition, as demonstrated by the over-expression of CD206 and the under-expression of CD64, M2 and M1 markers, respectively. NCMs are an effective approach for reverting the chronic inflammatory state of stagnant wounds (such as diabetic wounds) and thus for improving wound healing.
publishDate 2020
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2020
2020
2020
2020
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10810/44970
url http://hdl.handle.net/10810/44970
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/6/1108/htm
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
instname:Universidad del País Vasco
instname_str Universidad del País Vasco
reponame_str Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
collection Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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