Estudio experimental de la eliminación de nitratos mediante nanofiltración: aplicación a la determinación de modelos de transporte
[EN] Nowadays, excessive nitrate concentration is one of the main problems of groundwater contamination. Such contamination comes mainly from the intensive use of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture. The maximum permissible concentration of nitrates in the water for public consumption in the EU coun...
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| Tipo de recurso: | tesis de maestría |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2015 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) |
| Repositorio: | RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia |
| Idioma: | español |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:riunet.upv.es:10251/56297 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/56297 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Nanofiltration Nitrates Removal Models Concentration polarization Nanofiltración Nitratos Descontaminación Modelos Polarización por concentración INGENIERIA QUIMICA Máster Universitario en Seguridad Industrial y Medio Ambiente-Màster Universitari en Seguretat Industrial i Medi Ambient |
| Sumario: | [EN] Nowadays, excessive nitrate concentration is one of the main problems of groundwater contamination. Such contamination comes mainly from the intensive use of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture. The maximum permissible concentration of nitrates in the water for public consumption in the EU countries is 50 mg/L, although the WHO established a value of 25 mg/L to be considered quality water. Among the possible treatments for nitrate removal from contaminated waters, nanofiltration is a technically proven process. Its main advantage in comparison with reverse osmosis, is that it eliminates nitrates without causing a significant imbalance in the rest of dissolved salts, therefore less remineralization is later required. Furthermore, nanofiltration works at lower pressures, which means lower energy consumption of the process. In this work, it is experimentally study the removal of nitrates from water using a commercial nanofiltration membrane. The membrane selected has a high permeability with the aim of assessing its performance in nitrate removal with low energy consumption. Synthetic feeds with levels of nitrate concentration higher than the legal limit (up to 250 mg/L) have been tested. On the other hand, the experimental results have been fitted to two transport models usually used for nanofiltration membranes: Kedem-Spiegler model and solution-diffusion model. In both models, the film theory has been used to estimate the concentration on the surface of the membrane in order to consider the effect of concentration polarization on membrane performance. The two models have been assessed in the prediction of the nanofiltration membrane performance in nitrate decontamination. |
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