Fulminant giant-cell myocarditis on mechanical circulatory support: Management and outcomes of a French multicentre cohort

Aims: Giant-cell myocarditis (GCM) is a rare and often fatal form of myocarditis. Only a few reports have focused on fulminant forms. We describe the clinical characteristics, management and outcomes of GCM patients rescued by mechanical circulatory support (MCS). Methods and results: The clinical f...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Montero, S, Aissaoui, N, Tadie, JM, Bizouarn, P, Scherrer, V, Persichini, R, Delmas, C, Rolle, F, Besnier, E, Le Guyader, A, Combes, A, Schmidt, M
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2018
País:España
Institución:Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau)
Repositorio:r-IIB SANT PAU. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica del Instituto de Investigación Biomédica Sant Pau
OAI Identifier:oai:iibsantpau.fundanetsuite.com:p3911
Acceso en línea:https://iibsantpau.fundanetsuite.com/Publicaciones/ProdCientif/PublicacionFrw.aspx?id=3911
https://hal.sorbonne-universite.fr/hal-01739721
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Giant-cell myocarditis
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Myocardial biopsy
Immunosuppressive therapy
Heart transplant
Descripción
Sumario:Aims: Giant-cell myocarditis (GCM) is a rare and often fatal form of myocarditis. Only a few reports have focused on fulminant forms. We describe the clinical characteristics, management and outcomes of GCM patients rescued by mechanical circulatory support (MCS). Methods and results: The clinical features, diagnoses, treatments and outcomes of MCS-treated patients in refractory cardiogenic shock secondary to fulminant GCM admitted to eight French intensive care units (2002-2016) were analysed. We also conducted a systematic review of this topic. Thirteen patients (median age 44 [range 21-76] years, Simplified Acute Physiology Score II55 [40-79]) in severe cardiogenic shock (median [range] left ventricular ejection fraction 15% [15-35%] and blood lactate 4 mmol/L) were placed on MCS 4 [0-28] days after hospital admission. Severe arrhythmic disturbances were frequent (77%), with six (46%) patients experiencing an electrical storm prior to MCS. Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was the first MCS option for 11 (85%) patients. GCM was diagnosed in five (38%) patients before transplant or death and treated with immunosuppressants; infections were the main complication (80%). Four patients died on MCS and no patient presented long-term survival free from heart transplant (nine patients, 69%). All transplanted patients were alive 1 year later and no GCM recurrence was reported after median follow-up of 42 [12-145] months. Conclusion: Outcomes of fulminant GCMs may differ from those of milder forms. In this context, heart transplant might likely be the only long-term survival option. (c) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.