On the maxillary dentition of the Western whip snake, Hierophis viridiflavus (Lacépède, 1789)

The Western whip snake (Hierophis viridiflavus) is a colubroid snake typically considered aglyphous and non-venomous, although this is currently a subject of debate. Indeed, the maxillary dentition of this species has recently been described as opisthoglyphous due to the presence of enlarged rear ma...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Di Nicola, Matteo Riccardo|||0000-0001-7199-0804, Delfino, Massimo|||0000-0001-7836-7265
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Repositorio:Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:ddd.uab.cat:318670
Acceso en línea:https://ddd.uab.cat/record/318670
https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.36253/a_h-16673
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Aglyphous
Colubrid
Non-front-fanged snakes
Opisthoglyphous
Proteroglyphous
Rear-fanged
Solenoglyphous
Tooth morphology
Descripción
Sumario:The Western whip snake (Hierophis viridiflavus) is a colubroid snake typically considered aglyphous and non-venomous, although this is currently a subject of debate. Indeed, the maxillary dentition of this species has recently been described as opisthoglyphous due to the presence of enlarged rear maxillary teeth, reportedly characterised by prominent grooves and ridges. Aiming to test the actual presence of these structures and provide a clearer characterisation of the maxillary dentition of the species, we analysed 17 dry-prepared and disarticulated H. viridiflavus specimens using both scanning electron and optical microscopy. The imaging confirmed the presence of posterior, enlarged maxillary teeth displaying a distal carina, highlighted by shallow longitudinal inflections on the disto-labial and disto-lingual tooth surfaces. Nonetheless, the analysis revealed the consistent absence of the meso-labially placed groove typical of opisthoglyphous taxa. Based on the results of our study, the maxillary dentition of the Western whip snake is heterodont, specifically opisthomegadont, and is confirmed to be aglyphous.