Probing structure development in Poly(vinylidene Fluoride) during “operando” 3-D printing by small and wide angle X-ray scattering

We have investigated the crystallization of the thermoplastic polymer Poly(vinylidene Fluoride) (PVDF) during “operando” 3D printing Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF). The performance of the 3D printing set-up and the corresponding methodology for performing simultaneous SAXS/WAXS with synchrotron ra...

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Autores: Ezquerra Sanz, Tiberio A., Nogales, Aurora, García Gutiérrez, Mari Cruz, Rebollar González, Esther, Gálvez González, Óscar, Sics, Igors, Malfois, Marc
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2022
País:España
Institución:Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia
Repositorio:e-spacio. Repositorio Institucional de la UNED
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:e-spacio.uned.es:20.500.14468/25102
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14468/25102
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:23 Química::2307 Química física
3-D printing
fused filament formation
small and wide angle x-ray scattering
synchrotron radiation
polymer crystallizatio
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spelling Probing structure development in Poly(vinylidene Fluoride) during “operando” 3-D printing by small and wide angle X-ray scatteringEzquerra Sanz, Tiberio A.Nogales, AuroraGarcía Gutiérrez, Mari CruzRebollar González, EstherGálvez González, ÓscarSics, IgorsMalfois, Marc23 Química::2307 Química física3-D printingfused filament formationsmall and wide angle x-ray scatteringsynchrotron radiationpolymer crystallizatioWe have investigated the crystallization of the thermoplastic polymer Poly(vinylidene Fluoride) (PVDF) during “operando” 3D printing Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF). The performance of the 3D printing set-up and the corresponding methodology for performing simultaneous SAXS/WAXS with synchrotron radiation have been discussed. Simultaneous SAXS and WAXS experiments were performed across the printed line with a resolution of 50 μm. The experiments indicate that crystallization is faster at the polymer-air interface than in other points within the printed line. The final crystallinity varies with position being lower at both the interfaces, i.e. polymer-air (13%) and welding zone (11%), while being higher (18%) in the middle part of the printed line. Orientation of the crystalline lamellae is higher at both interfaces, suggesting higher shear rate than in the bulk of the printed line where elongational flow is dominant. The final crystallinity levels in the different locations of the printed line are relatively low, as compared with reported values in melt pressed samples (≈30%), due to the extremely fast crystallization kinetics involved in the solidification of PVDF 3D printed lines. Therefore, it is expected that 3D printed PVDF pieces will exhibit significant structural modifications due to the potential crystallization that eventually will proceed during storage because the glass transition of PVDF is well below room temperature.Elseviere-Spacio UNED20252025-01-0320222022-04-1020222022-04-10journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14468/25102reponame:e-spacio. Repositorio Institucional de la UNEDinstname:Universidad Nacional de Educación a DistanciaInglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.esoai:e-spacio.uned.es:20.500.14468/251022026-06-06T12:38:31Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Probing structure development in Poly(vinylidene Fluoride) during “operando” 3-D printing by small and wide angle X-ray scattering
title Probing structure development in Poly(vinylidene Fluoride) during “operando” 3-D printing by small and wide angle X-ray scattering
spellingShingle Probing structure development in Poly(vinylidene Fluoride) during “operando” 3-D printing by small and wide angle X-ray scattering
Ezquerra Sanz, Tiberio A.
23 Química::2307 Química física
3-D printing
fused filament formation
small and wide angle x-ray scattering
synchrotron radiation
polymer crystallizatio
title_short Probing structure development in Poly(vinylidene Fluoride) during “operando” 3-D printing by small and wide angle X-ray scattering
title_full Probing structure development in Poly(vinylidene Fluoride) during “operando” 3-D printing by small and wide angle X-ray scattering
title_fullStr Probing structure development in Poly(vinylidene Fluoride) during “operando” 3-D printing by small and wide angle X-ray scattering
title_full_unstemmed Probing structure development in Poly(vinylidene Fluoride) during “operando” 3-D printing by small and wide angle X-ray scattering
title_sort Probing structure development in Poly(vinylidene Fluoride) during “operando” 3-D printing by small and wide angle X-ray scattering
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Ezquerra Sanz, Tiberio A.
Nogales, Aurora
García Gutiérrez, Mari Cruz
Rebollar González, Esther
Gálvez González, Óscar
Sics, Igors
Malfois, Marc
author Ezquerra Sanz, Tiberio A.
author_facet Ezquerra Sanz, Tiberio A.
Nogales, Aurora
García Gutiérrez, Mari Cruz
Rebollar González, Esther
Gálvez González, Óscar
Sics, Igors
Malfois, Marc
author_role author
author2 Nogales, Aurora
García Gutiérrez, Mari Cruz
Rebollar González, Esther
Gálvez González, Óscar
Sics, Igors
Malfois, Marc
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv e-Spacio UNED
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv 23 Química::2307 Química física
3-D printing
fused filament formation
small and wide angle x-ray scattering
synchrotron radiation
polymer crystallizatio
topic 23 Química::2307 Química física
3-D printing
fused filament formation
small and wide angle x-ray scattering
synchrotron radiation
polymer crystallizatio
description We have investigated the crystallization of the thermoplastic polymer Poly(vinylidene Fluoride) (PVDF) during “operando” 3D printing Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF). The performance of the 3D printing set-up and the corresponding methodology for performing simultaneous SAXS/WAXS with synchrotron radiation have been discussed. Simultaneous SAXS and WAXS experiments were performed across the printed line with a resolution of 50 μm. The experiments indicate that crystallization is faster at the polymer-air interface than in other points within the printed line. The final crystallinity varies with position being lower at both the interfaces, i.e. polymer-air (13%) and welding zone (11%), while being higher (18%) in the middle part of the printed line. Orientation of the crystalline lamellae is higher at both interfaces, suggesting higher shear rate than in the bulk of the printed line where elongational flow is dominant. The final crystallinity levels in the different locations of the printed line are relatively low, as compared with reported values in melt pressed samples (≈30%), due to the extremely fast crystallization kinetics involved in the solidification of PVDF 3D printed lines. Therefore, it is expected that 3D printed PVDF pieces will exhibit significant structural modifications due to the potential crystallization that eventually will proceed during storage because the glass transition of PVDF is well below room temperature.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022
2022-04-10
2022
2022-04-10
2025
2025-01-03
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14468/25102
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14468/25102
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:e-spacio. Repositorio Institucional de la UNED
instname:Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia
instname_str Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia
reponame_str e-spacio. Repositorio Institucional de la UNED
collection e-spacio. Repositorio Institucional de la UNED
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,811543

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