Decoupled Per-Phase Control of a Four-Leg Grid-Feeding Inverter for Voltage Unbalance Mitigation in Low-Voltage Networks

The increasing integration of distributed energy resources and single-phase loads in low-voltage distribution networks introduces significant voltage unbalance, degrading power quality and compromising supply reliability. Existing four-leg inverter solutions typically rely on grid-forming operation...

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Autores: Aizpuru Lopetegui, Iñaki, Cortajarena Echeverria, José Antonio, Planas Fullaondo, Estefanía, Kortabarria Iparragirre, Iñigo, Aretxabaleta Astoreka, Iker
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Universidad del País Vasco
Repositorio:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:addi________::b5bdcaabb753b111094a6a2fb89c1145
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10810/79771
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:low-voltage
voltage unbalance
phase independent
grid-feeding
bidirectional power flow
current control
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spelling Decoupled Per-Phase Control of a Four-Leg Grid-Feeding Inverter for Voltage Unbalance Mitigation in Low-Voltage NetworksAizpuru Lopetegui, IñakiCortajarena Echeverria, José AntonioPlanas Fullaondo, EstefaníaKortabarria Iparragirre, IñigoAretxabaleta Astoreka, Ikerlow-voltagevoltage unbalancephase independentgrid-feedingbidirectional power flowcurrent controlThe increasing integration of distributed energy resources and single-phase loads in low-voltage distribution networks introduces significant voltage unbalance, degrading power quality and compromising supply reliability. Existing four-leg inverter solutions typically rely on grid-forming operation or sequencecomponent decomposition, limiting their applicability in grid-connected scenarios with parallel utility supply. This paper proposes a decoupled per-phase current control strategy for a four-leg inverter operating exclusively in grid-feeding mode, which constitutes the main scientific contribution of this work. The method assigns an independent proportional-resonant controller to each phase, enabling per-phase active power regulation and bidirectional current flow without sequence-component transformation, ensuring stable parallel operation with the utility network. A DC bus provides the necessary voltage stiffness for current regulation. Experimental validation under diverse unbalanced operating conditions demonstrates a reduction of the voltage unbalance ratio to zero, with total harmonic distortion of injected currents remaining below 15% in all tested cases. These results confirm the suitability of the proposed framework for low-voltage networks with high penetration of distributed generation.Department of Education of the Basque Country IT1820-26. Predoctoral Program for the Training of Nondoctoral Research Personnel of the Department of Education of Basque Government under Grant IPG6C3L4-D00237-2IEEE202620262026info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10810/79771reponame:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigacióninstname:Universidad del País VascoIngléshttps://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2026.3691178info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/2026 The Authors. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.oai:dnet:addi________::b5bdcaabb753b111094a6a2fb89c11452026-06-18T09:23:17Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Decoupled Per-Phase Control of a Four-Leg Grid-Feeding Inverter for Voltage Unbalance Mitigation in Low-Voltage Networks
title Decoupled Per-Phase Control of a Four-Leg Grid-Feeding Inverter for Voltage Unbalance Mitigation in Low-Voltage Networks
spellingShingle Decoupled Per-Phase Control of a Four-Leg Grid-Feeding Inverter for Voltage Unbalance Mitigation in Low-Voltage Networks
Aizpuru Lopetegui, Iñaki
low-voltage
voltage unbalance
phase independent
grid-feeding
bidirectional power flow
current control
title_short Decoupled Per-Phase Control of a Four-Leg Grid-Feeding Inverter for Voltage Unbalance Mitigation in Low-Voltage Networks
title_full Decoupled Per-Phase Control of a Four-Leg Grid-Feeding Inverter for Voltage Unbalance Mitigation in Low-Voltage Networks
title_fullStr Decoupled Per-Phase Control of a Four-Leg Grid-Feeding Inverter for Voltage Unbalance Mitigation in Low-Voltage Networks
title_full_unstemmed Decoupled Per-Phase Control of a Four-Leg Grid-Feeding Inverter for Voltage Unbalance Mitigation in Low-Voltage Networks
title_sort Decoupled Per-Phase Control of a Four-Leg Grid-Feeding Inverter for Voltage Unbalance Mitigation in Low-Voltage Networks
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Aizpuru Lopetegui, Iñaki
Cortajarena Echeverria, José Antonio
Planas Fullaondo, Estefanía
Kortabarria Iparragirre, Iñigo
Aretxabaleta Astoreka, Iker
author Aizpuru Lopetegui, Iñaki
author_facet Aizpuru Lopetegui, Iñaki
Cortajarena Echeverria, José Antonio
Planas Fullaondo, Estefanía
Kortabarria Iparragirre, Iñigo
Aretxabaleta Astoreka, Iker
author_role author
author2 Cortajarena Echeverria, José Antonio
Planas Fullaondo, Estefanía
Kortabarria Iparragirre, Iñigo
Aretxabaleta Astoreka, Iker
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv low-voltage
voltage unbalance
phase independent
grid-feeding
bidirectional power flow
current control
topic low-voltage
voltage unbalance
phase independent
grid-feeding
bidirectional power flow
current control
description The increasing integration of distributed energy resources and single-phase loads in low-voltage distribution networks introduces significant voltage unbalance, degrading power quality and compromising supply reliability. Existing four-leg inverter solutions typically rely on grid-forming operation or sequencecomponent decomposition, limiting their applicability in grid-connected scenarios with parallel utility supply. This paper proposes a decoupled per-phase current control strategy for a four-leg inverter operating exclusively in grid-feeding mode, which constitutes the main scientific contribution of this work. The method assigns an independent proportional-resonant controller to each phase, enabling per-phase active power regulation and bidirectional current flow without sequence-component transformation, ensuring stable parallel operation with the utility network. A DC bus provides the necessary voltage stiffness for current regulation. Experimental validation under diverse unbalanced operating conditions demonstrates a reduction of the voltage unbalance ratio to zero, with total harmonic distortion of injected currents remaining below 15% in all tested cases. These results confirm the suitability of the proposed framework for low-voltage networks with high penetration of distributed generation.
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026
2026
2026
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10810/79771
url http://hdl.handle.net/10810/79771
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2026.3691178
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
2026 The Authors. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
2026 The Authors. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv IEEE
publisher.none.fl_str_mv IEEE
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
instname:Universidad del País Vasco
instname_str Universidad del País Vasco
reponame_str Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
collection Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,811543

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