The Mediating Role of Screen-Based Sedentary Behaviors in the Association of Parental Educational Level and BMI with Preschoolers’ Ultra-Processed Food Consumption

Background/Objectives: The mediating role of the diverse range of screen-based sedentary behaviors (SBs) remains understudied, particularly at younger ages. The present study examined the direct and indirect effects of parental BMI and education on ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption among presch...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Machado-Rodrigues, Aristides M., Fernandes, Helder Miguel, Stabelini Neto, António, Dos Santos, Elizabete Alexandre, Tur, Josep A., Padez, Cristina, Rodrigues, Daniela
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Conselleria de Salut i Consum del Govern de les Illes Balears
Repositorio:Docusalut
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:docusalut___::b1c3f7bf97be16b9c415cf71f270723f
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13003/27198
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Body Mass Index
Child
Child, Preschool
Cross-Sectional Studies
Educational Status
Fast Foods
Feeding Behavior
Female
Food, Processed
Humans
Male
Parents
Pediatric Obesity
Screen Time
Sedentary Behavior
Television
Índice de Masa Corporal
Niño
Preescolar
Estudios Transversales
Escolaridad
Comida Rápida
Conducta Alimentaria
Femenino
Alimentos Procesados
Humanos
Masculino
Padres
Obesidad Infantil
Tiempo de Pantalla
Conducta Sedentaria
Televisión
mediation analysis
parental BMI
preschool children
screen time
ultra-processed foods
Descripción
Sumario:Background/Objectives: The mediating role of the diverse range of screen-based sedentary behaviors (SBs) remains understudied, particularly at younger ages. The present study examined the direct and indirect effects of parental BMI and education on ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption among preschoolers, testing the potential mediating role of screen time. Methods: The cross-sectional study sample comprised 919 kindergarten children (484 boys, 52.7%), with ages ranging from 2.2 to 6.8 years (mean: 4.7 ± 1.0 years). Screen-based sedentary behaviors (television viewing, smartphone use, tablet use, computer use, and playing electronic games) were measured by proxy-report fulfilled by parents, separately for weekdays and weekends. UPF consumption (drinks/yogurts, packaged/fast foods, and sweet/salty snacks) was assessed via 24 h recall scales. Path analysis mediation models tested direct effects of maternal/paternal BMI and education on UPF intake, and indirect effects through screen time, controlling for child age and sex. Results: Lower parental education and higher parental BMI were associated with increased mobile device use and UPF consumption (r = 0.10–0.28). Screen-based sedentary behaviors mediated the association between maternal BMI and UPF pathways (15–90% of total effects), particularly for sweet and salty snacks (50–90%). Parental education effects were also mediated by screen time (9–23% indirect effects), with paternal education showing stronger protection against packaged/fast foods. Conclusions: Mobile devices and watching television partially mediate intergenerational transmission of obesogenic dietary patterns from parental BMI/education to preschoolers’ UPF consumption. Findings of the current study support family-centered interventions targeting screen-time limits and UPF exposure, mainly at the weekends, to prevent early obesity trajectories.