Trends in cause-specific mortality

Background: Research from various countries has shown increases in alcohol- and drug-related deaths and suicide, known as 'deaths of despair' over recent decades, particularly among low-educated middle-aged individuals. However, little is known about trends in death-of-despair causes in Sp...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Piñeiro, Bárbara|||0000-0003-4225-3500, Spijker, Jeroen|||0000-0002-3957-9553, Trias Llimós, Sergi|||0000-0002-8052-6736, Blanes, Amand|||0000-0001-8411-9567, Permanyer, Iñaki|||0000-0002-7051-5144
Formato: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:España
Recursos:Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Repositorio:Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:ddd.uab.cat:283414
Acesso em linha:https://ddd.uab.cat/record/283414
https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdad133
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Alcohol
Cause mortality
Deaths of despair
Drugs
Educational attainment
Premature mortality
Suicide
Trends
Descrição
Resumo:Background: Research from various countries has shown increases in alcohol- and drug-related deaths and suicide, known as 'deaths of despair' over recent decades, particularly among low-educated middle-aged individuals. However, little is known about trends in death-of-despair causes in Spain. Therefore, we aim to descriptively examine this among 25-64-year-olds from 1980 to 2019 and by educational attainment for the years 2017-19. Methods: We obtained mortality and population data from the National Institute of Statistics to estimate age-standardized mortality rates and assess educational inequalities using the relative index of inequality (RII). Results: Deaths of despair as a share of total mortality slightly increased from 2000 onwards, particularly among 25-64-year-old men (from 9 to 10%). Only alcohol-related mortality declined relatively more since 1980 compared with all-cause mortality. Regarding educational differences, low-educated men presented higher mortality rates in all death-of-despair causes (alcohol-related: RII 3.54 (95% CI: 2.21-5.66); drug-related: RII 3.49 (95% CI: 1.80-6.77); suicide: RII 1.97 (95% CI: 1.49-2.61)). Women noteworthy differences were only observed for alcohol-related (RII 3.50 (95% CI: 2.13-5.75)). Conclusions: Findings suggest an increasing proportion of deaths of despair among 25-64-year-olds since 2000, particularly among men. Public health policies are needed to reduce and prevent these premature and preventable causes of mortality.