Gut microbiome and resistome characterization of pigs treated with commonly used post-weaning diarrhea treatments

Background The global burden of antimicrobial resistance demands additional measures to ensure the sustainable and conscious use of antimicrobials. For the swine industry, the post-weaning period is critical and for many years, antimicrobials have been the most effective strategy to control and trea...

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Autores: Guitart-Matas, Judith, Ballester, Maria, Fraile, Lorenzo, Darwich, Laila, Giler Baquerizo, Noemí, Tarres, Joaquim, López-Soria, Sergio, Ramayo-Caldas, Yuliaxis, Migura-Garcia, Lourdes
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositorio:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:20.500.12327/2982
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12327/2982
https://doi.org/10.1186/s42523-024-00307-6
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:619
636
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dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Gut microbiome and resistome characterization of pigs treated with commonly used post-weaning diarrhea treatments
title Gut microbiome and resistome characterization of pigs treated with commonly used post-weaning diarrhea treatments
spellingShingle Gut microbiome and resistome characterization of pigs treated with commonly used post-weaning diarrhea treatments
Guitart-Matas, Judith
619
636
title_short Gut microbiome and resistome characterization of pigs treated with commonly used post-weaning diarrhea treatments
title_full Gut microbiome and resistome characterization of pigs treated with commonly used post-weaning diarrhea treatments
title_fullStr Gut microbiome and resistome characterization of pigs treated with commonly used post-weaning diarrhea treatments
title_full_unstemmed Gut microbiome and resistome characterization of pigs treated with commonly used post-weaning diarrhea treatments
title_sort Gut microbiome and resistome characterization of pigs treated with commonly used post-weaning diarrhea treatments
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Guitart-Matas, Judith
Ballester, Maria
Fraile, Lorenzo
Darwich, Laila
Giler Baquerizo, Noemí
Tarres, Joaquim
López-Soria, Sergio
Ramayo-Caldas, Yuliaxis
Migura-Garcia, Lourdes
author Guitart-Matas, Judith
author_facet Guitart-Matas, Judith
Ballester, Maria
Fraile, Lorenzo
Darwich, Laila
Giler Baquerizo, Noemí
Tarres, Joaquim
López-Soria, Sergio
Ramayo-Caldas, Yuliaxis
Migura-Garcia, Lourdes
author_role author
author2 Ballester, Maria
Fraile, Lorenzo
Darwich, Laila
Giler Baquerizo, Noemí
Tarres, Joaquim
López-Soria, Sergio
Ramayo-Caldas, Yuliaxis
Migura-Garcia, Lourdes
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Producció Animal
Genètica i Millora Animal
Sanitat Animal
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv 619
636
topic 619
636
description Background The global burden of antimicrobial resistance demands additional measures to ensure the sustainable and conscious use of antimicrobials. For the swine industry, the post-weaning period is critical and for many years, antimicrobials have been the most effective strategy to control and treat post-weaning related infections. Among them, post-weaning diarrhea causes vast economic losses, as it severely compromises piglets’ health and growth performance. In this study, 210 piglets were transferred from a farm with recurrent cases of post-weaning diarrhea to an experimental farm and divided into six different treatment groups to determine the effect of the different treatments on the growth performance and survival, the microbiome, and the resistome in a cross-sectional and longitudinal study. The different treatments included antimicrobials trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, colistin, and gentamicin, an oral commercial vaccine, a control with water acidification, and an untreated control. An extra group remained at the farm of origin following the implemented amoxicillin routine treatment. A total of 280 fecal samples from pigs at four different sampling times were selected for metagenomics: before weaning-treatment at the farm of origin, and three days, two weeks, and four weeks post-treatment. Results The control group with water acidification showed a reduced death risk in the survival analyses and non-significant differences in average daily weight gain in comparison to the antibiotic-treated groups. However, the growth-promoting effect among antibiotic-treated groups was demonstrated when comparing against the untreated control group at the experimental farm. After four weeks of treatment, diversity indexes revealed significantly decreased diversity for the untreated control and the group that remained at the farm of origin treated with amoxicillin. For this last group, impaired microbial diversity could be related to the continuous amoxicillin treatment carried out at the farm. Analysis of the resistome showed that both gentamicin and amoxicillin treatments significantly contributed to the emergence of resistance, while trimethoprim/sulphonamide and colistin did not, suggesting that different treatments contribute differently to the emergence of resistance. Conclusions Overall, this shotgun longitudinal metagenomics analysis demonstrates that non-antibiotic alternatives, such as water acidification, can contribute to reducing the emergence of antimicrobial resistance without compromising pig growth performance and gut microbiome.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2024
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12327/2982
https://doi.org/10.1186/s42523-024-00307-6
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12327/2982
https://doi.org/10.1186/s42523-024-00307-6
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Animal Microbiome
MICIU/Programa Estatal de I+D+I orientada a los retos de la sociedad/RTI2018-095586-B-C22/ES/OPTIMIZATION OF DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF POSTWEANING DIARRHEAS IN PIGS: TOWARDS A RATIONAL USE OF ANTIBIOTICS/
MICIU/Programa Estatal de promoción del talento y su empleabilidad en I+D+I/RYC2019-027244-I/ES/ /
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv 16
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv BMC
publisher.none.fl_str_mv BMC
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
instname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
instname_str Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
reponame_str Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
collection Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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spelling Gut microbiome and resistome characterization of pigs treated with commonly used post-weaning diarrhea treatmentsGuitart-Matas, JudithBallester, MariaFraile, LorenzoDarwich, LailaGiler Baquerizo, NoemíTarres, JoaquimLópez-Soria, SergioRamayo-Caldas, YuliaxisMigura-Garcia, Lourdes619636Background The global burden of antimicrobial resistance demands additional measures to ensure the sustainable and conscious use of antimicrobials. For the swine industry, the post-weaning period is critical and for many years, antimicrobials have been the most effective strategy to control and treat post-weaning related infections. Among them, post-weaning diarrhea causes vast economic losses, as it severely compromises piglets’ health and growth performance. In this study, 210 piglets were transferred from a farm with recurrent cases of post-weaning diarrhea to an experimental farm and divided into six different treatment groups to determine the effect of the different treatments on the growth performance and survival, the microbiome, and the resistome in a cross-sectional and longitudinal study. The different treatments included antimicrobials trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, colistin, and gentamicin, an oral commercial vaccine, a control with water acidification, and an untreated control. An extra group remained at the farm of origin following the implemented amoxicillin routine treatment. A total of 280 fecal samples from pigs at four different sampling times were selected for metagenomics: before weaning-treatment at the farm of origin, and three days, two weeks, and four weeks post-treatment. Results The control group with water acidification showed a reduced death risk in the survival analyses and non-significant differences in average daily weight gain in comparison to the antibiotic-treated groups. However, the growth-promoting effect among antibiotic-treated groups was demonstrated when comparing against the untreated control group at the experimental farm. After four weeks of treatment, diversity indexes revealed significantly decreased diversity for the untreated control and the group that remained at the farm of origin treated with amoxicillin. For this last group, impaired microbial diversity could be related to the continuous amoxicillin treatment carried out at the farm. Analysis of the resistome showed that both gentamicin and amoxicillin treatments significantly contributed to the emergence of resistance, while trimethoprim/sulphonamide and colistin did not, suggesting that different treatments contribute differently to the emergence of resistance. Conclusions Overall, this shotgun longitudinal metagenomics analysis demonstrates that non-antibiotic alternatives, such as water acidification, can contribute to reducing the emergence of antimicrobial resistance without compromising pig growth performance and gut microbiome.This study was funded by the I + D + I National Program RTI2018-095586- B-C22 and the CERCA program. JGM is a PhD student from the Autonomous University of Barcelona, Biotechnology Program, with an IRTA fellowship from the strategic initiative on antimicrobial reduction in animal production. YRC is recipient of a Ramon y Cajal postdoctoral fellowship (RYC2019-027244-I) from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionBMCProducció AnimalGenètica i Millora AnimalSanitat Animal2024info:eu-repo/semantics/article16http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12327/2982https://doi.org/10.1186/s42523-024-00307-6reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunyainstname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)InglésAnimal MicrobiomeMICIU/Programa Estatal de I+D+I orientada a los retos de la sociedad/RTI2018-095586-B-C22/ES/OPTIMIZATION OF DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF POSTWEANING DIARRHEAS IN PIGS: TOWARDS A RATIONAL USE OF ANTIBIOTICS/MICIU/Programa Estatal de promoción del talento y su empleabilidad en I+D+I/RYC2019-027244-I/ES/ /Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:recercat.cat:20.500.12327/29822026-05-29T05:05:01Z
score 15,812455

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