Human Toll-like receptor activation by pathogenic Arcobacter species

The increase of Arcobacter spp. infection cases in humans, coupled with varying symptomatology, highlights the need to study the virulence mechanisms of these bacteria. Arcobacter butzleri can induce the release of several proinflammatory cytokines in human monocytic-derived macrophages, but the mec...

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Autores: Baztarrika Uria, Itsaso, Martínez Malax-Echevarría, Irati, Martínez Ballesteros, Ilargi, Wösten, Marc
Formato: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Recursos:Universidad del País Vasco
Repositorio:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
OAI Identifier:oai:addi.ehu.eus:10810/72216
Acesso em linha:http://hdl.handle.net/10810/72216
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Arcobacter butzleri
Arcobacter cryaerophilus
Arcobacter skirrowii
human innate immune response
toll-like receptors
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spelling Human Toll-like receptor activation by pathogenic Arcobacter speciesBaztarrika Uria, ItsasoMartínez Malax-Echevarría, IratiMartínez Ballesteros, IlargiWösten, MarcArcobacter butzleriArcobacter cryaerophilusArcobacter skirrowiihuman innate immune responsetoll-like receptorsThe increase of Arcobacter spp. infection cases in humans, coupled with varying symptomatology, highlights the need to study the virulence mechanisms of these bacteria. Arcobacter butzleri can induce the release of several proinflammatory cytokines in human monocytic-derived macrophages, but the mechanism used to achieve this is still unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the human innate immune response triggered by pathogenic Arcobacter spp., by studying the activation of the human Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Arcobacter skirrowii was the only species that showed the ability to activate all tested TLRs. Arcobacter cryaerophilus demonstrated to be able to activate TLR1/2, TLR4, and TLR2/6. A. butzleri hardly activated the TLRs, only TLR2/6 and TLR1/2 to a small extent. While all the Arcobacter species tested possess flagellum, as shown by motility assays and electron microscopy, only the flagellum of A. skirrowii was able to activate TLR5. The alignment of the flagellin amino acid data revealed that A. skirrowii shares a greater number of crucial amino acids for TLR5 recognition with the FliC of Salmonella than the other Arcobacter species, which might explain why A. skirrowii activates TLR5. Our results demonstrated that the activation of the different TLRs is Arcobacter species dependent, and there might be a correlation between the activation of the TLRs and the pathogenicity of the Arcobacter species.This work was supported by the University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU [grant number GIU21/021].Elsevier202520252025info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10810/72216reponame:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigacióninstname:Universidad del País VascoIngléshttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0882401024006569info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/© 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND licenseAtribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Españaoai:addi.ehu.eus:10810/722162026-06-18T09:23:17Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Human Toll-like receptor activation by pathogenic Arcobacter species
title Human Toll-like receptor activation by pathogenic Arcobacter species
spellingShingle Human Toll-like receptor activation by pathogenic Arcobacter species
Baztarrika Uria, Itsaso
Arcobacter butzleri
Arcobacter cryaerophilus
Arcobacter skirrowii
human innate immune response
toll-like receptors
title_short Human Toll-like receptor activation by pathogenic Arcobacter species
title_full Human Toll-like receptor activation by pathogenic Arcobacter species
title_fullStr Human Toll-like receptor activation by pathogenic Arcobacter species
title_full_unstemmed Human Toll-like receptor activation by pathogenic Arcobacter species
title_sort Human Toll-like receptor activation by pathogenic Arcobacter species
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Baztarrika Uria, Itsaso
Martínez Malax-Echevarría, Irati
Martínez Ballesteros, Ilargi
Wösten, Marc
author Baztarrika Uria, Itsaso
author_facet Baztarrika Uria, Itsaso
Martínez Malax-Echevarría, Irati
Martínez Ballesteros, Ilargi
Wösten, Marc
author_role author
author2 Martínez Malax-Echevarría, Irati
Martínez Ballesteros, Ilargi
Wösten, Marc
author2_role author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Arcobacter butzleri
Arcobacter cryaerophilus
Arcobacter skirrowii
human innate immune response
toll-like receptors
topic Arcobacter butzleri
Arcobacter cryaerophilus
Arcobacter skirrowii
human innate immune response
toll-like receptors
description The increase of Arcobacter spp. infection cases in humans, coupled with varying symptomatology, highlights the need to study the virulence mechanisms of these bacteria. Arcobacter butzleri can induce the release of several proinflammatory cytokines in human monocytic-derived macrophages, but the mechanism used to achieve this is still unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the human innate immune response triggered by pathogenic Arcobacter spp., by studying the activation of the human Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Arcobacter skirrowii was the only species that showed the ability to activate all tested TLRs. Arcobacter cryaerophilus demonstrated to be able to activate TLR1/2, TLR4, and TLR2/6. A. butzleri hardly activated the TLRs, only TLR2/6 and TLR1/2 to a small extent. While all the Arcobacter species tested possess flagellum, as shown by motility assays and electron microscopy, only the flagellum of A. skirrowii was able to activate TLR5. The alignment of the flagellin amino acid data revealed that A. skirrowii shares a greater number of crucial amino acids for TLR5 recognition with the FliC of Salmonella than the other Arcobacter species, which might explain why A. skirrowii activates TLR5. Our results demonstrated that the activation of the different TLRs is Arcobacter species dependent, and there might be a correlation between the activation of the TLRs and the pathogenicity of the Arcobacter species.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2025
2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10810/72216
url http://hdl.handle.net/10810/72216
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0882401024006569
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 España
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/es/
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 España
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
instname:Universidad del País Vasco
instname_str Universidad del País Vasco
reponame_str Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
collection Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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