Counterfactual reasoning deficits in schizophrenia patients

Background Counterfactual thinking is a specific type of conditional reasoning that enables the generation of mental simulations of alternatives to past factual events. Although it has been broadly studied in the general population, research on schizophrenia is still scarce. The aim of the current s...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Contreras, Fernando, Albacete Belzunces, Àuria, Castellví, Pere, Caño, Agnès, Benejam, Bessy, Menchón Magriñá, José Manuel
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2016
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Barcelona
Repositorio:Dipòsit Digital de la UB
OAI Identifier:oai:diposit.ub.edu:2445/112011
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2445/112011
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Esquizofrènia
Cognició
Neuropsicologia
Raonament
Schizophrenia
Cognition
Neuropsychology
Reasoning
id ES_8a0ef5d255ef5a0d5f32f6251b97bd55
oai_identifier_str oai:diposit.ub.edu:2445/112011
network_acronym_str ES
network_name_str España
repository_id_str
spelling Counterfactual reasoning deficits in schizophrenia patientsContreras, FernandoAlbacete Belzunces, ÀuriaCastellví, PereCaño, AgnèsBenejam, BessyMenchón Magriñá, José ManuelEsquizofrèniaCognicióNeuropsicologiaRaonamentSchizophreniaCognitionNeuropsychologyReasoningBackground Counterfactual thinking is a specific type of conditional reasoning that enables the generation of mental simulations of alternatives to past factual events. Although it has been broadly studied in the general population, research on schizophrenia is still scarce. The aim of the current study was to further examine counterfactual reasoning in this illness. Methods Forty schizophrenia patients and 40 controls completed a series of tests that assessed the influence of the "causal order effect" on counterfactual thinking, and the ability to generate counterfactual thoughts and counterfactually derive inferences from a hypothetical situation. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as neurocognitive variables, were also examined. Results Compared to controls, the schizophrenia patients generated fewer counterfactual thoughts when faced with a simulated scenario. The pattern of response when assessing the causality effect of the order was also different between the groups, with the patients being more frequently unable to attribute any ordering of events than the control subjects. Additionally, the schizophrenia patients showed more difficulties when deriving normative counterfactual inferences from hypothetical social situations. None of the counterfactual reasoning measures was associated to any of the cognitive functions or clinical and socio-demographic variables assessed. Conclusions A global impairment in counterfactual thinking characterizes schizophrenia patients. Because of the potential impact of such deficits on psychosocial functioning, targeting counterfactual reasoning for improvement might be considered in future treatment approaches.Public Library of Science (PLoS)2016info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2445/112011Articles publicats en revistes (Ciències Clíniques)reponame:Dipòsit Digital de la UBinstname:Universidad de BarcelonaInglésReproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0148440PLoS One, 2016, vol. 11, p. e0148440https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0148440cc-by (c) Contreras, Fernando et al., 2016http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/esinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:diposit.ub.edu:2445/1120112026-05-27T06:46:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Counterfactual reasoning deficits in schizophrenia patients
title Counterfactual reasoning deficits in schizophrenia patients
spellingShingle Counterfactual reasoning deficits in schizophrenia patients
Contreras, Fernando
Esquizofrènia
Cognició
Neuropsicologia
Raonament
Schizophrenia
Cognition
Neuropsychology
Reasoning
title_short Counterfactual reasoning deficits in schizophrenia patients
title_full Counterfactual reasoning deficits in schizophrenia patients
title_fullStr Counterfactual reasoning deficits in schizophrenia patients
title_full_unstemmed Counterfactual reasoning deficits in schizophrenia patients
title_sort Counterfactual reasoning deficits in schizophrenia patients
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Contreras, Fernando
Albacete Belzunces, Àuria
Castellví, Pere
Caño, Agnès
Benejam, Bessy
Menchón Magriñá, José Manuel
author Contreras, Fernando
author_facet Contreras, Fernando
Albacete Belzunces, Àuria
Castellví, Pere
Caño, Agnès
Benejam, Bessy
Menchón Magriñá, José Manuel
author_role author
author2 Albacete Belzunces, Àuria
Castellví, Pere
Caño, Agnès
Benejam, Bessy
Menchón Magriñá, José Manuel
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Esquizofrènia
Cognició
Neuropsicologia
Raonament
Schizophrenia
Cognition
Neuropsychology
Reasoning
topic Esquizofrènia
Cognició
Neuropsicologia
Raonament
Schizophrenia
Cognition
Neuropsychology
Reasoning
description Background Counterfactual thinking is a specific type of conditional reasoning that enables the generation of mental simulations of alternatives to past factual events. Although it has been broadly studied in the general population, research on schizophrenia is still scarce. The aim of the current study was to further examine counterfactual reasoning in this illness. Methods Forty schizophrenia patients and 40 controls completed a series of tests that assessed the influence of the "causal order effect" on counterfactual thinking, and the ability to generate counterfactual thoughts and counterfactually derive inferences from a hypothetical situation. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as neurocognitive variables, were also examined. Results Compared to controls, the schizophrenia patients generated fewer counterfactual thoughts when faced with a simulated scenario. The pattern of response when assessing the causality effect of the order was also different between the groups, with the patients being more frequently unable to attribute any ordering of events than the control subjects. Additionally, the schizophrenia patients showed more difficulties when deriving normative counterfactual inferences from hypothetical social situations. None of the counterfactual reasoning measures was associated to any of the cognitive functions or clinical and socio-demographic variables assessed. Conclusions A global impairment in counterfactual thinking characterizes schizophrenia patients. Because of the potential impact of such deficits on psychosocial functioning, targeting counterfactual reasoning for improvement might be considered in future treatment approaches.
publishDate 2016
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2016
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/2445/112011
url https://hdl.handle.net/2445/112011
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Reproducció del document publicat a: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0148440
PLoS One, 2016, vol. 11, p. e0148440
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0148440
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv cc-by (c) Contreras, Fernando et al., 2016
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv cc-by (c) Contreras, Fernando et al., 2016
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Public Library of Science (PLoS)
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Articles publicats en revistes (Ciències Clíniques)
reponame:Dipòsit Digital de la UB
instname:Universidad de Barcelona
instname_str Universidad de Barcelona
reponame_str Dipòsit Digital de la UB
collection Dipòsit Digital de la UB
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
_version_ 1869412672792952832
score 15,300719

Similares en LA Referencia