Optimizing nozzle design in extrusion-based 3D bioprinting to minimize mechanical stress and enhance cell viability

[EN] Extrusion-based three-dimensional bioprinting is a widely used technique for fabricating cell-laden constructs in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, the mechanical stresses experienced by cells during the printing process can negatively affect their viability. This study exa...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Lombardi, Lorenzo, Annachiara Scalzone, Ausilio, Chiara, Tammaro, Daniele, Gentile, Piergiorgio
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)
Repositorio:RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:riunet.upv.es:10251/226244
Acceso en línea:https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/226244
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Customized nozzles
Extensional stress
Extrusion bioprinting
Descripción
Sumario:[EN] Extrusion-based three-dimensional bioprinting is a widely used technique for fabricating cell-laden constructs in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. However, the mechanical stresses experienced by cells during the printing process can negatively affect their viability. This study examines the influence of nozzle geometry-specifically contraction angleand outlet diameter-on stress distribution and its effects on cell survival. Through a combination of experimental analysis and theoretical modeling, the impacts of nozzle design on the balance between shear and extensional stresses during bioprinting are explored. The findings highlight the importance of optimizing nozzle parameters to minimize mechanical damage and enhance post-printing cell viability. The proposed model provides a framework for guiding nozzle design, offering insights into the development of customized bioprinting strategies that enhance construct fidelity and biological functionality. These results contribute to advancing bioprinting techniques for applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.