Impact of rain, swell, and surface currents on the electromagnetic bias in GNSS-Reflectometry

The assessment of the electromagnetic (EM) bias is required to predict the performance of upcoming global navigation satellite systems-reflectometry (GNSS-R) altimetry systems, and its impact in data assimilation climate studies. In previous studies, the EM bias in bistatic GNSS-R altimetry (L-band)...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Ghavidel, Ali, Camps Carmona, Adriano José|||0000-0002-9514-4992
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2016
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
Repositorio:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/102775
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2117/102775
https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2016.2538181
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Remote sensing
Global Positioning System
Electromagnetic bias
Global Navigation Satellite Systems-Reflectometry (GNSS-R)
Ocean altimetry
Scattering
Teledetecció
GNSS (Sistema de navegació)
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Radiocomunicació i exploració electromagnètica::Teledetecció
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spelling Impact of rain, swell, and surface currents on the electromagnetic bias in GNSS-ReflectometryGhavidel, AliCamps Carmona, Adriano José|||0000-0002-9514-4992Remote sensingGlobal Positioning SystemElectromagnetic biasGlobal Navigation Satellite Systems-Reflectometry (GNSS-R)Ocean altimetryScatteringTeledeteccióGNSS (Sistema de navegació)Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Radiocomunicació i exploració electromagnètica::TeledeteccióThe assessment of the electromagnetic (EM) bias is required to predict the performance of upcoming global navigation satellite systems-reflectometry (GNSS-R) altimetry systems, and its impact in data assimilation climate studies. In previous studies, the EM bias in bistatic GNSS-R altimetry (L-band) was numerically estimated for a wind-driven sea surface height spectrum, including the time-domain variability. In the present study, spectral models for the rain, swell, and surface currents are used to compute a perturbed wind-driven sea surface height spectrum, from which a perturbed three-dimensional (3-D) time-evolving wind-driven sea surface height is computed. The generated sea surface is then illuminated by a right hand circular polarization (RHCP) L-band EM wave, and the wave scattered from each facet is computed from each facet using the physical optics (PO) method under the Kirchhoff approximation (KA). Finally, the EM bias is computed numerically as the height of each patch times the forward-scattering coefficient, divided by the average of the forward-scattering coefficient. The impact of rain on the EM bias is a moderate decrease (in magnitude) due to the damping of the large gravity waves, which is more significant as the wind speed increases. The impact of swell is a small increase (in magnitude) mostly due to the change of the local incidence angles. The impact of currents can be either a moderate increase or decrease (in magnitude), depending on the sense of the current with respect to the wind, due to a change in the surface roughness.Peer Reviewed20162016-10-0120172017-03-22journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501AMhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aainfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/2117/102775https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2016.2538181reponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPCinstname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/1027752026-05-27T15:37:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Impact of rain, swell, and surface currents on the electromagnetic bias in GNSS-Reflectometry
title Impact of rain, swell, and surface currents on the electromagnetic bias in GNSS-Reflectometry
spellingShingle Impact of rain, swell, and surface currents on the electromagnetic bias in GNSS-Reflectometry
Ghavidel, Ali
Remote sensing
Global Positioning System
Electromagnetic bias
Global Navigation Satellite Systems-Reflectometry (GNSS-R)
Ocean altimetry
Scattering
Teledetecció
GNSS (Sistema de navegació)
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Radiocomunicació i exploració electromagnètica::Teledetecció
title_short Impact of rain, swell, and surface currents on the electromagnetic bias in GNSS-Reflectometry
title_full Impact of rain, swell, and surface currents on the electromagnetic bias in GNSS-Reflectometry
title_fullStr Impact of rain, swell, and surface currents on the electromagnetic bias in GNSS-Reflectometry
title_full_unstemmed Impact of rain, swell, and surface currents on the electromagnetic bias in GNSS-Reflectometry
title_sort Impact of rain, swell, and surface currents on the electromagnetic bias in GNSS-Reflectometry
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Ghavidel, Ali
Camps Carmona, Adriano José|||0000-0002-9514-4992
author Ghavidel, Ali
author_facet Ghavidel, Ali
Camps Carmona, Adriano José|||0000-0002-9514-4992
author_role author
author2 Camps Carmona, Adriano José|||0000-0002-9514-4992
author2_role author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Remote sensing
Global Positioning System
Electromagnetic bias
Global Navigation Satellite Systems-Reflectometry (GNSS-R)
Ocean altimetry
Scattering
Teledetecció
GNSS (Sistema de navegació)
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Radiocomunicació i exploració electromagnètica::Teledetecció
topic Remote sensing
Global Positioning System
Electromagnetic bias
Global Navigation Satellite Systems-Reflectometry (GNSS-R)
Ocean altimetry
Scattering
Teledetecció
GNSS (Sistema de navegació)
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria de la telecomunicació::Radiocomunicació i exploració electromagnètica::Teledetecció
description The assessment of the electromagnetic (EM) bias is required to predict the performance of upcoming global navigation satellite systems-reflectometry (GNSS-R) altimetry systems, and its impact in data assimilation climate studies. In previous studies, the EM bias in bistatic GNSS-R altimetry (L-band) was numerically estimated for a wind-driven sea surface height spectrum, including the time-domain variability. In the present study, spectral models for the rain, swell, and surface currents are used to compute a perturbed wind-driven sea surface height spectrum, from which a perturbed three-dimensional (3-D) time-evolving wind-driven sea surface height is computed. The generated sea surface is then illuminated by a right hand circular polarization (RHCP) L-band EM wave, and the wave scattered from each facet is computed from each facet using the physical optics (PO) method under the Kirchhoff approximation (KA). Finally, the EM bias is computed numerically as the height of each patch times the forward-scattering coefficient, divided by the average of the forward-scattering coefficient. The impact of rain on the EM bias is a moderate decrease (in magnitude) due to the damping of the large gravity waves, which is more significant as the wind speed increases. The impact of swell is a small increase (in magnitude) mostly due to the change of the local incidence angles. The impact of currents can be either a moderate increase or decrease (in magnitude), depending on the sense of the current with respect to the wind, due to a change in the surface roughness.
publishDate 2016
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2016
2016-10-01
2017
2017-03-22
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
AM
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_ab4af688f83e57aa
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/2117/102775
https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2016.2538181
url https://hdl.handle.net/2117/102775
https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2016.2538181
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
instname:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
instname_str Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
reponame_str UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
collection UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,301603

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