Trade and decoupling of fossil fuel use embedded in EU consumption

The EU is frequently recognized as a frontrunner in tackling climate change; however, this assessment primarily relies on production-based evaluations, overlooking the significant role of imports. We conduct a detailed consumption-based analysis of how EU consumption drives global fossil fuel use, c...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor: Heydenreich, Till|||0000-0002-9012-7579
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Repositorio:Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:ddd.uab.cat:293658
Acceso en línea:https://ddd.uab.cat/record/293658
https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.142702
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Energy footprints
Energy transition
Multi-regional input-output analysis
Structural decomposition analysis
Carbon border adjustment mechanism
Decoupling
Descripción
Sumario:The EU is frequently recognized as a frontrunner in tackling climate change; however, this assessment primarily relies on production-based evaluations, overlooking the significant role of imports. We conduct a detailed consumption-based analysis of how EU consumption drives global fossil fuel use, combining input-output with structural decomposition analysis and the subsystem approach. We find that the embedded EU fossil fuel footprint has experienced a notable decline between 2000 and 2014, but at rates incompatible with 1.5 ° . We identify trade patterns to be an important upward driver of the EU footprint through intermediate production, also thwarting the impact of the energy transition with effects from changes outside the EU lagging within EU developments. Addressing these outsourcing patterns to more fossil fuel intense production could reduce the EU footprint by almost 20%. We find that more than 50% of fossil fuels embedded in imports are linked to indirect imports. Thus, we argue for the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism to include indirect imports, particularly of electricity. Yet, given the problematic role of growth, even energy transition efforts along the global supply chain will likely need to be complemented by demand side measures, potentially entailing post-growth pathways.