Description and validation of the ice-sheet model Nix v1.0

We present a physical description of the ice-sheet model Nix v1.0, an open-source project intended for collaborative development. Nix is a two-dimensional (flowline combined with a vertical dimension) thermomechanical model written in C and C++ that simultaneously solves for the momentum balance equ...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Moreno-Parada, Daniel, Robinson, Alexander James, Montoya Redondo, María Luisa, Álvarez Solas, Jorge
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Repositorio:Docta Complutense
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/123987
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/123987
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:550.3
Sea-level rise
Higher-order
Stream-B
Glacier dynamics
West Antarctica
Flow
Ocean
Stability
Sensitivity
Collapse
Geofísica
2507 Geofísica
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oai_identifier_str oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/123987
network_acronym_str ES
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repository_id_str
spelling Description and validation of the ice-sheet model Nix v1.0Moreno-Parada, DanielRobinson, Alexander JamesMontoya Redondo, María LuisaÁlvarez Solas, Jorge550.3Sea-level riseHigher-orderStream-BGlacier dynamicsWest AntarcticaFlowOceanStabilitySensitivityCollapseGeofísica2507 GeofísicaWe present a physical description of the ice-sheet model Nix v1.0, an open-source project intended for collaborative development. Nix is a two-dimensional (flowline combined with a vertical dimension) thermomechanical model written in C and C++ that simultaneously solves for the momentum balance equations, mass conservation and temperature evolution. Nix's velocity solver includes a hierarchy of Stokes approximations: Blatter–Pattyn, depth-integrated higher order and shallow shelf. The grounding-line position is explicitly solved by a moving coordinate system that avoids further interpolations. The model can be easily forced with any external boundary conditions. Nix has been verified for standard test problems, showing versatility from regular machines (lightweight memory allocation) to high-performance computing (multi-threading capabilities). Resolutions below 0.1 km are attainable even with minimal computational resources: Nix's serial run finalizes within hours on a single CPU. Here we show results for a number of benchmark experiments from the Marine Ice Sheet Intercomparison Project (MISMIP) and assess grounding-line migration with an overdeepened bed geometry. Lastly, we further exploit the thermomechanical coupling by designing a suite of experiments where the forcing is a physical variable, unlike previously idealized forcing scenarios where ice temperatures are implicitly fixed via an ice rate factor. That is, we use atmospheric temperature and oceanic temperature anomalies to assess model hysteresis behaviour with active thermodynamics. Our results show that hysteresis in an overdeepened bed geometry is similar for atmospheric and oceanic forcings. Notably, the classical hysteresis loop is widened for both forcing scenarios (i.e. atmospheric and oceanic) if the ice sheet is thermomechanically active as a result of the internal feedback among ice temperature, stress balance and viscosity. These results show that a temperature-dependent ice viscosity provides inertia and stability to the ice sheet, regardless of the particular external forcing applied. In summary, Nix combines rapid computational capabilities with a Blatter–Pattyn stress balance fully coupled to a thermomechanical solver, not only validating against established benchmarks but also offering a powerful tool for advancing our insight into ice dynamics and grounding-line stability.Copernicus PublicationsUniversidad Complutense de Madrid20252025-01-0120252025-01-01journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/123987reponame:Docta Complutenseinstname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/1239872026-06-02T12:44:21Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Description and validation of the ice-sheet model Nix v1.0
title Description and validation of the ice-sheet model Nix v1.0
spellingShingle Description and validation of the ice-sheet model Nix v1.0
Moreno-Parada, Daniel
550.3
Sea-level rise
Higher-order
Stream-B
Glacier dynamics
West Antarctica
Flow
Ocean
Stability
Sensitivity
Collapse
Geofísica
2507 Geofísica
title_short Description and validation of the ice-sheet model Nix v1.0
title_full Description and validation of the ice-sheet model Nix v1.0
title_fullStr Description and validation of the ice-sheet model Nix v1.0
title_full_unstemmed Description and validation of the ice-sheet model Nix v1.0
title_sort Description and validation of the ice-sheet model Nix v1.0
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Moreno-Parada, Daniel
Robinson, Alexander James
Montoya Redondo, María Luisa
Álvarez Solas, Jorge
author Moreno-Parada, Daniel
author_facet Moreno-Parada, Daniel
Robinson, Alexander James
Montoya Redondo, María Luisa
Álvarez Solas, Jorge
author_role author
author2 Robinson, Alexander James
Montoya Redondo, María Luisa
Álvarez Solas, Jorge
author2_role author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidad Complutense de Madrid
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv 550.3
Sea-level rise
Higher-order
Stream-B
Glacier dynamics
West Antarctica
Flow
Ocean
Stability
Sensitivity
Collapse
Geofísica
2507 Geofísica
topic 550.3
Sea-level rise
Higher-order
Stream-B
Glacier dynamics
West Antarctica
Flow
Ocean
Stability
Sensitivity
Collapse
Geofísica
2507 Geofísica
description We present a physical description of the ice-sheet model Nix v1.0, an open-source project intended for collaborative development. Nix is a two-dimensional (flowline combined with a vertical dimension) thermomechanical model written in C and C++ that simultaneously solves for the momentum balance equations, mass conservation and temperature evolution. Nix's velocity solver includes a hierarchy of Stokes approximations: Blatter–Pattyn, depth-integrated higher order and shallow shelf. The grounding-line position is explicitly solved by a moving coordinate system that avoids further interpolations. The model can be easily forced with any external boundary conditions. Nix has been verified for standard test problems, showing versatility from regular machines (lightweight memory allocation) to high-performance computing (multi-threading capabilities). Resolutions below 0.1 km are attainable even with minimal computational resources: Nix's serial run finalizes within hours on a single CPU. Here we show results for a number of benchmark experiments from the Marine Ice Sheet Intercomparison Project (MISMIP) and assess grounding-line migration with an overdeepened bed geometry. Lastly, we further exploit the thermomechanical coupling by designing a suite of experiments where the forcing is a physical variable, unlike previously idealized forcing scenarios where ice temperatures are implicitly fixed via an ice rate factor. That is, we use atmospheric temperature and oceanic temperature anomalies to assess model hysteresis behaviour with active thermodynamics. Our results show that hysteresis in an overdeepened bed geometry is similar for atmospheric and oceanic forcings. Notably, the classical hysteresis loop is widened for both forcing scenarios (i.e. atmospheric and oceanic) if the ice sheet is thermomechanically active as a result of the internal feedback among ice temperature, stress balance and viscosity. These results show that a temperature-dependent ice viscosity provides inertia and stability to the ice sheet, regardless of the particular external forcing applied. In summary, Nix combines rapid computational capabilities with a Blatter–Pattyn stress balance fully coupled to a thermomechanical solver, not only validating against established benchmarks but also offering a powerful tool for advancing our insight into ice dynamics and grounding-line stability.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2025-01-01
2025
2025-01-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/123987
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/123987
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Copernicus Publications
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Copernicus Publications
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Docta Complutense
instname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
instname_str Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
reponame_str Docta Complutense
collection Docta Complutense
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,812429

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