Colonization and diversification shape species–area relationships in three Macaronesian archipelagos

Aim: Species–area relationships (SARs) on oceanic archipelagos are shaped at least as much by speciation as by immigration–extinction dynamics. We examine three well‐studied Atlantic archipelagos to quantify the relative contributions of colonization and diversification to individual and whole‐archi...

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Autores: Price, Jonathan, Otto, Rüdiger, Menezes de Sequeira, Miguel, Kueffer, Christoph, Schaefer, Hanno, Fernández-Palacios, José María, Caujapé‑Castells, Juli
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión aceptada para publicación
Fecha de publicación:2018
País:España
Institución:Universidad de La Laguna (ULL)
Repositorio:RIULL. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de La Laguna
OAI Identifier:oai:riull.ull.es:915/16999
Acceso en línea:http://riull.ull.es/xmlui/handle/915/16999
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Azores
Biodiversity
Canary islands
Flora
Macaronesia
Madeira
Phylogeny
Species–area relationship
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spelling Colonization and diversification shape species–area relationships in three Macaronesian archipelagosPrice, JonathanOtto, RüdigerMenezes de Sequeira, MiguelKueffer, ChristophSchaefer, HannoFernández-Palacios, José MaríaCaujapé‑Castells, JuliAzoresBiodiversityCanary islandsFloraMacaronesiaMadeiraPhylogenySpecies–area relationshipAim: Species–area relationships (SARs) on oceanic archipelagos are shaped at least as much by speciation as by immigration–extinction dynamics. We examine three well‐studied Atlantic archipelagos to quantify the relative contributions of colonization and diversification to individual and whole‐archipelago floras. Location: Three Macaronesian archipelagos: the Azores, Madeira and Canary Islands. Methods: We assessed the floras of all three archipelagos in order to compare SARs and numbers of endemic species with respect to the physical characteristics of each archipelago (geological age, isolation, and environmental diversity). Utilizing a large number of available phylogenies, we partitioned each flora into putative colonist lineages. These were used to determine: (a) the number of original colonists of each archipelago, (b) degree of relatedness among these, and (c) the degree to which internal diversification contributes to species numbers for islands and archipelagos with different physical characteristics. Results: Archipelagos varied in the parameters of the SARs in relation to their physical characteristics. The Canarian and Madeiran floras demonstrate remarkably similar SARs with z values (slopes) near 0.3, while the Azorean flora exhibits fewer species per given area and a modest z value of 0.15. The Canarian and Madeiran endemic species are concentrated in a small number of diversifying lineages, whereas the Azorean endemics were mostly in anagenetic lineages (indicating minimal internal diversification). Lineages that do not diversify within a given archipelago significantly tend not to diversify in others, whereas diversifying lineages tend to have more species in the Canarian flora when compared with related lineages in the others. Main conclusions: Although a strong independent effect of island area on species richness exists for the whole Macaronesian region, colonization and diversification are also influenced by geological age and environmental diversity of archipelagos, overriding characteristics of individual islands (“archipelago effect”). The “Azorean diversity enigma” likely results from a combination of geological youth, low environmental diversity and disproportionate human alteration.201920192018info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersionhttp://riull.ull.es/xmlui/handle/915/16999reponame:RIULL. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de La Lagunainstname:Universidad de La Laguna (ULL)InglésJournal of Biogeography;Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacionalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:riull.ull.es:915/169992026-06-22T13:13:57Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Colonization and diversification shape species–area relationships in three Macaronesian archipelagos
title Colonization and diversification shape species–area relationships in three Macaronesian archipelagos
spellingShingle Colonization and diversification shape species–area relationships in three Macaronesian archipelagos
Price, Jonathan
Azores
Biodiversity
Canary islands
Flora
Macaronesia
Madeira
Phylogeny
Species–area relationship
title_short Colonization and diversification shape species–area relationships in three Macaronesian archipelagos
title_full Colonization and diversification shape species–area relationships in three Macaronesian archipelagos
title_fullStr Colonization and diversification shape species–area relationships in three Macaronesian archipelagos
title_full_unstemmed Colonization and diversification shape species–area relationships in three Macaronesian archipelagos
title_sort Colonization and diversification shape species–area relationships in three Macaronesian archipelagos
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Price, Jonathan
Otto, Rüdiger
Menezes de Sequeira, Miguel
Kueffer, Christoph
Schaefer, Hanno
Fernández-Palacios, José María
Caujapé‑Castells, Juli
author Price, Jonathan
author_facet Price, Jonathan
Otto, Rüdiger
Menezes de Sequeira, Miguel
Kueffer, Christoph
Schaefer, Hanno
Fernández-Palacios, José María
Caujapé‑Castells, Juli
author_role author
author2 Otto, Rüdiger
Menezes de Sequeira, Miguel
Kueffer, Christoph
Schaefer, Hanno
Fernández-Palacios, José María
Caujapé‑Castells, Juli
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Azores
Biodiversity
Canary islands
Flora
Macaronesia
Madeira
Phylogeny
Species–area relationship
topic Azores
Biodiversity
Canary islands
Flora
Macaronesia
Madeira
Phylogeny
Species–area relationship
description Aim: Species–area relationships (SARs) on oceanic archipelagos are shaped at least as much by speciation as by immigration–extinction dynamics. We examine three well‐studied Atlantic archipelagos to quantify the relative contributions of colonization and diversification to individual and whole‐archipelago floras. Location: Three Macaronesian archipelagos: the Azores, Madeira and Canary Islands. Methods: We assessed the floras of all three archipelagos in order to compare SARs and numbers of endemic species with respect to the physical characteristics of each archipelago (geological age, isolation, and environmental diversity). Utilizing a large number of available phylogenies, we partitioned each flora into putative colonist lineages. These were used to determine: (a) the number of original colonists of each archipelago, (b) degree of relatedness among these, and (c) the degree to which internal diversification contributes to species numbers for islands and archipelagos with different physical characteristics. Results: Archipelagos varied in the parameters of the SARs in relation to their physical characteristics. The Canarian and Madeiran floras demonstrate remarkably similar SARs with z values (slopes) near 0.3, while the Azorean flora exhibits fewer species per given area and a modest z value of 0.15. The Canarian and Madeiran endemic species are concentrated in a small number of diversifying lineages, whereas the Azorean endemics were mostly in anagenetic lineages (indicating minimal internal diversification). Lineages that do not diversify within a given archipelago significantly tend not to diversify in others, whereas diversifying lineages tend to have more species in the Canarian flora when compared with related lineages in the others. Main conclusions: Although a strong independent effect of island area on species richness exists for the whole Macaronesian region, colonization and diversification are also influenced by geological age and environmental diversity of archipelagos, overriding characteristics of individual islands (“archipelago effect”). The “Azorean diversity enigma” likely results from a combination of geological youth, low environmental diversity and disproportionate human alteration.
publishDate 2018
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2018
2019
2019
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
format article
status_str acceptedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://riull.ull.es/xmlui/handle/915/16999
url http://riull.ull.es/xmlui/handle/915/16999
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Journal of Biogeography;
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:RIULL. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de La Laguna
instname:Universidad de La Laguna (ULL)
instname_str Universidad de La Laguna (ULL)
reponame_str RIULL. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de La Laguna
collection RIULL. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de La Laguna
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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