La ingeniería militar al servicio de las minas de azogue de Almadén (1750-1765)

Almadén was a minor mine until the mid-16th century when Bartolomé de Medina applied the industrial process of amalgamation with mercury, known as the patio method, at the silver deposit in Pachuca (New Spain). From then on, the production of mercury from Almadén increased, except for the second hal...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Hernández Sobrino, Angel, Almansa Rodríguez, Emiliano
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
Repositorio:RUIdeRA. Repositorio Institucional de la UCLM
OAI Identifier:oai:ruidera.uclm.es:10578/41214
Acceso en línea:https://doi.org/10.14198/rhm.26437
https://revistahistoriamoderna.ua.es/article/view/26437
https://hdl.handle.net/10578/41214
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:18th century
Almadén
Amalgamación
Amalgamation
Azogue
Ingeniería militar
Military Engineering
Mining Technique
Quicksier
Siglo XVIII
Técnica minera
Descripción
Sumario:Almadén was a minor mine until the mid-16th century when Bartolomé de Medina applied the industrial process of amalgamation with mercury, known as the patio method, at the silver deposit in Pachuca (New Spain). From then on, the production of mercury from Almadén increased, except for the second half of the 17th century, when there was a severe shortage of economic consignments for the mining establishment. In the second half of the 18th century, Almadén had transformed into a large mining establishment, the most important in the metropolitan territory, because without mercury there was no silver and New Spain was on its way to becoming the world’s leading producer of this metal. Therefore, in 1750, Superintendent Francisco Javier de Villegas informed the Marquis of Ensenada that he did not have real mining technicians. Ensenada agreed with Villegas and both he and his successor Arriaga ordered the search for the most capable men to solve the situation, who at that time were military engineers due to their mathematical knowledge and experience in tunnels and explosives. This article specifically analyzes the work carried out in Almadén by military engineers Francisco Nangle, Miguel Antonio de Escurrechea, Silvestre Abarca, and Jorge Juan between 1750 and 1765, and how their intervention helped to meet the growing demand for mercury from the silver mining of the Viceroyalty of New Spain.