Determination of Pesticide Residues in Five Different Corn-based Products Using a Single and Simple Solid–liquid Extraction without Clean-up Steps Followed by Comprehensive Two-dimensional Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Pesticide residues in food products are a critical issue concerning food safety. Recent studies have increasingly focused on developing selective, rapid, innovative, and environmentally friendly analytical methods for detecting pesticides in foodstuffs. This study presents a novel analytical method...
| Autores: | , , , , , |
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| Formato: | artículo |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2024 |
| País: | España |
| Recursos: | Universidad de Sevilla (US) |
| Repositorio: | idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:idus.us.es:11441/169199 |
| Acesso em linha: | https://hdl.handle.net/11441/169199 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2024.111298 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palavra-chave: | AGREE metrics BAGI Corn products LC×LC-MS/MS Pesticides RGB additive color model Solid–liquid extraction |
| Resumo: | Pesticide residues in food products are a critical issue concerning food safety. Recent studies have increasingly focused on developing selective, rapid, innovative, and environmentally friendly analytical methods for detecting pesticides in foodstuffs. This study presents a novel analytical method utilizing comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the simultaneous determination of one hundred and thirteen multiclass pesticides in corn products. The method simplifies the process with a single-step solid–liquid extraction and benefits from two-dimensional separation to enhance resolution and minimize matrix effects. The methodology was validated according to European Commission DG-SANTE (SANTE/11312/2021) and European Committee for Standardization (EN 15662, 2018) guidelines, obtaining acceptable analytical parameters. Limits of detection ranged from 0.2 µg/L to 30.2 µg/L and limits of quantification from 0.3 to 91.6 μg/L, all bellow regulatory limits. Accuracy, ranged from 60 to 120 % and precision, estimated by relative standard deviation, was consistently below 15.1 % in all cases. The applicability of the method was demonstrated by analyzing pesticides in five representative corn products (tortilla, corn flakes, corn cake, starch, and polenta). Sixteen pesticides were detected, all within the regulatory residue limits. Three metric tools were applied to assess the analytical process. Environmental sustainability was evaluated using the AGREE metric, while analytical performance and method applicability were assessed with the Red-Green-Blue and Blue Applicability Grade Index models, respectively, yielding promising scores (0.5, ≥ 0.55, and 0.65). These findings and the comparison to previous methods indicated that this approach represents a promising, alternative and user-friendly strategy for pesticide determination, offering effective productivity and reliable analytical performance. |
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