Mechanical control of nuclear plasticity and mechanotransduction in cell migration
Cells commonly live in a crowded environment, in a tissue or in a developing embryo. The extracellular matrix and/or surrounding neighboring cells can impose physical deformations to which cells need to adapt in order to efficiently migrate, proliferate or differentiate and to build functional 3D ti...
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| Tipo de recurso: | tesis doctoral |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2022 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | CBUC, CESCA |
| Repositorio: | TDR. Tesis Doctorales en Red |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:www.tdx.cat:10803/674573 |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/10803/674573 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Mechanobiology Nuclear deformation Cell polarization Ameoboid migration Cellular contractility Mecanobiologia Deformación nuclear Polarización celular Migración ameboidea Contractilidad celular 576 |
| Sumario: | Cells commonly live in a crowded environment, in a tissue or in a developing embryo. The extracellular matrix and/or surrounding neighboring cells can impose physical deformations to which cells need to adapt in order to efficiently migrate, proliferate or differentiate and to build functional 3D tissues. Here we show that the nucleus allows cells to measure mechanical shape deformations and regulates cell contractility by the activation of a mechanosensitive signaling pathway at the inner nuclear membrane, leading to the transformation into a motile stable-polarized amoeboid phenotype. We found that upon cell polarization, nuclei drastically change their shape and deform and acquire a nuclear polarization that aligns with the cell polarization axis. This deformation is dependent on the actomyosin cortex, nuclear rigidity and the connection between the nucleus and cytoskeleton elements. All together, our data support a close mechanical cross-talk between cell shape deformation and nucleus architecture, involved in the mechanosensitive regulation of cell plasticity and adaptive cell behaviour in 3D tissues. |
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