Anticipating information structure: An event-related potentials study of focus assignment via the it-cleft

Available online 24 September 2019.

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Alemán Bañón, José, Martin, Clara
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2019
País:España
Institución:Universidad del País Vasco
Repositorio:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
OAI Identifier:oai:addi.ehu.eus:10810/38271
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10810/38271
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Prediction
Information structure
Cleft
Focus
Topic
N400
P600
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oai_identifier_str oai:addi.ehu.eus:10810/38271
network_acronym_str ES
network_name_str España
repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Anticipating information structure: An event-related potentials study of focus assignment via the it-cleft
title Anticipating information structure: An event-related potentials study of focus assignment via the it-cleft
spellingShingle Anticipating information structure: An event-related potentials study of focus assignment via the it-cleft
Alemán Bañón, José
Prediction
Information structure
Cleft
Focus
Topic
N400
P600
title_short Anticipating information structure: An event-related potentials study of focus assignment via the it-cleft
title_full Anticipating information structure: An event-related potentials study of focus assignment via the it-cleft
title_fullStr Anticipating information structure: An event-related potentials study of focus assignment via the it-cleft
title_full_unstemmed Anticipating information structure: An event-related potentials study of focus assignment via the it-cleft
title_sort Anticipating information structure: An event-related potentials study of focus assignment via the it-cleft
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Alemán Bañón, José
Martin, Clara
author Alemán Bañón, José
author_facet Alemán Bañón, José
Martin, Clara
author_role author
author2 Martin, Clara
author2_role author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Prediction
Information structure
Cleft
Focus
Topic
N400
P600
topic Prediction
Information structure
Cleft
Focus
Topic
N400
P600
description Available online 24 September 2019.
publishDate 2019
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2019
2020
2020
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10810/38271
url http://hdl.handle.net/10810/38271
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO/ FPDI-2013-15813/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO/SEV-2015-0490/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/2007–2013
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/613465-AThEME/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO/PSI2014-54500/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO/PSI2017-82941-P/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/neuropsychologia
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Neuropsychologia
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Neuropsychologia
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
instname:Universidad del País Vasco
instname_str Universidad del País Vasco
reponame_str Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
collection Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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spelling Anticipating information structure: An event-related potentials study of focus assignment via the it-cleftAlemán Bañón, JoséMartin, ClaraPredictionInformation structureCleftFocusTopicN400P600Available online 24 September 2019.The present study uses event-related potentials to investigate the role of prediction in the processing of information structure, a domain of language that belongs to the level of the discourse. Twenty-three native speakers of English read short contexts including three Noun Phrases (NPs) (e.g., Either an adviser or an agent can be helpful to a banker), followed by a wh-question that established the discourse role of each referent (In your opinion, which of the two should a banker hire?). The NP that the question was about (banker) was the Topic, and the two NPs that could fill the slot opened by the wh-question (adviser, agent) were the Focus NPs. The participants’ brain activity was recorded with EEG while they read the responses to the wh-questions, which differed along two dimensions: (1) the availability of the it-cleft construction (In my opinion, [it is] an agent…), a Focus-devoted device that makes Focus assignment predictable in the response; and (2) the discourse role of the target noun (Focus, Topic), which corresponds to the first referent in the response (In my opinion, [it is] an agent/a banker…). Crucially, we manipulated the phonological properties of the Focus and Topic nouns such that, if the Topic noun began with a consonant (e.g., a banker), both nouns that could fill the slot opened by the wh-question began with a vowel (e.g., an agent, an adviser) (counterbalanced in the overall design). This allowed us to measure effects of prediction at the prenominal article, before the integration of semantic and discourse information took place. The analyses on prenominal articles revealed an N400 effect for articles that were unexpected based on the phonological properties of the Focus nouns, but only in the conditions with the it-cleft. This effect emerged between 250 and 400 ms, with a frontal bias. The analyses on the noun revealed that violations of information structure (i.e., cases where the it-cleft was followed by the Topic noun) yielded a broadly distributed P600 effect, relative to appropriately clefted (i.e., focused) nouns. A similar (but numerically less robust) effect emerged for Topic relative to Focus NPs in the conditions without the it-cleft, suggesting that, in the absence of a constraining cue, comprehenders still assigned Focus to the first referent in the response. Overall, these results suggest that, when reading answers to wh-questions, comprehenders use information structure constraints (i.e., prior context + the it-cleft) to anticipate the form that the response should take (i.e., how information should be packaged).This work was supported by a Riksbankens Jubileumsfond grant to the first author [grant number: P18–0756:1]. The first author was also supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [grant number FPDI-2013-15813]. The second author acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, through the “Severo Ochoa Program for Centers/Units of Excellence in R&D” (SEV-2015-490), a grant from FP7/2007–2013 Cooperation grant agreement 613465-AThEME, and grants from the Spanish government (PSI2014-54500, PSI2017-82941-P) and from the Basque Government (PI_2015_1_25, PIBA18_29).Neuropsychologia202020202019info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10810/38271reponame:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigacióninstname:Universidad del País VascoInglésinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO/ FPDI-2013-15813/info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO/SEV-2015-0490/info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/2007–2013info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/613465-AThEME/info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO/PSI2014-54500/info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO/PSI2017-82941-P/https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/neuropsychologiainfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess© 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).oai:addi.ehu.eus:10810/382712026-06-18T09:23:17Z
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