Experiences in the detection of drugs of abuse in smuggling seizures and forensic samples using electronic tongue principles

The application of voltammetric sensors to the analysis of illicit drugs in combination with different chemometric tools to achieve their identification and quantification is explored herein. The aim is to process the whole voltammograms obtained from different sensors as a unique profile, and analy...

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Bibliographic Details
Authors: Cetó, Xavier|||0000-0003-1589-6076, Bonet-SanEmeterio, Marta|||0000-0002-5076-8136, Ortiz, Dionisia|||0000-0002-5637-8120, Rodriguez-Franch, E., Valle, Manel del|||0000-0002-1032-8611
Format: book part
Publication Date:2022
Country:España
Institution:Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Repository:Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB
Language:English
OAI Identifier:oai:ddd.uab.cat:271570
Online Access:https://ddd.uab.cat/record/271570
https://dx.doi.org/urn:doi:10.1109/ISOEN54820.2022.9789611
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Voltammetric sensors
Principal component analysis
Partial-least squares
Electronic tongue
Opioids
Cutting agents
Description
Summary:The application of voltammetric sensors to the analysis of illicit drugs in combination with different chemometric tools to achieve their identification and quantification is explored herein. The aim is to process the whole voltammograms obtained from different sensors as a unique profile, and analyze those with the aid of pattern recognition methods that allow the extraction of a characteristic fingerprint, rather than focusing on the oxidation peaks associated to each of the drugs. To this aim, different arrays of electrodes were prepared to analyzed samples employing square wave voltammetry (SWV). Next, identification of different drugs was achieved by means of principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA), while their quantification was attained by partial least squares (PLS) modelling.