Do active and passive antipredator defences in the Toad Epidalea calamita differ between males and females from natural habitats and agrosystems?

Due to their assumed costs, simultaneous antipredator strategies are expected to face trade-offs, which, however, could be milder in individuals subjected to a more intense predator pressure. In this work, I studied the relationship between locomotion and parotoid glands in the natterjack toad, Epid...

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Author: Zamora-Camacho, Francisco Javier
Format: article
Publication Date:2021
Country:España
Institution:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Repository:Docta Complutense
Language:English
OAI Identifier:oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/4923
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/4923
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:597.6
Aposematism
Epidalea calamita
Locomotor performance
Parotoid glands
Sprint speed
Anfibios
2401.17 Invertebrados
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oai_identifier_str oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/4923
network_acronym_str ES
network_name_str España
repository_id_str
spelling Do active and passive antipredator defences in the Toad Epidalea calamita differ between males and females from natural habitats and agrosystems?Zamora-Camacho, Francisco Javier597.6AposematismEpidalea calamitaLocomotor performanceParotoid glandsSprint speedAnfibios2401.17 InvertebradosDue to their assumed costs, simultaneous antipredator strategies are expected to face trade-offs, which, however, could be milder in individuals subjected to a more intense predator pressure. In this work, I studied the relationship between locomotion and parotoid glands in the natterjack toad, Epidalea calamita. Specifically, I predicted that individuals with reduced sprint speed would rely more on their chemical defences, having larger and more aposematically coloured parotoid glands. In addition, I expected this trade-off to be more evident in females and toads from pine grove habitats, because, according to previous work, males and toads from agrosystems are under greater predator pressure. However, sprint speed showed no relationship with coloration, but toads with proportionally greater parotoid glands were also proportionally faster. Thus, the costs of these antipredator traits might not be high enough to make them interfere, or the benefits of simultaneous optimisation of sprint speed and parotoid gland size might outweigh the costs of it in some individuals. In any case, habitat and sex did not affect these relationships, so the trends detected are valid across sexes and the habitats studied.MDPIUniversidad Complutense de Madrid20212021-01-0120212021-01-01journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/4923reponame:Docta Complutenseinstname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Atribución 3.0 Españahttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/49232026-06-02T12:44:21Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Do active and passive antipredator defences in the Toad Epidalea calamita differ between males and females from natural habitats and agrosystems?
title Do active and passive antipredator defences in the Toad Epidalea calamita differ between males and females from natural habitats and agrosystems?
spellingShingle Do active and passive antipredator defences in the Toad Epidalea calamita differ between males and females from natural habitats and agrosystems?
Zamora-Camacho, Francisco Javier
597.6
Aposematism
Epidalea calamita
Locomotor performance
Parotoid glands
Sprint speed
Anfibios
2401.17 Invertebrados
title_short Do active and passive antipredator defences in the Toad Epidalea calamita differ between males and females from natural habitats and agrosystems?
title_full Do active and passive antipredator defences in the Toad Epidalea calamita differ between males and females from natural habitats and agrosystems?
title_fullStr Do active and passive antipredator defences in the Toad Epidalea calamita differ between males and females from natural habitats and agrosystems?
title_full_unstemmed Do active and passive antipredator defences in the Toad Epidalea calamita differ between males and females from natural habitats and agrosystems?
title_sort Do active and passive antipredator defences in the Toad Epidalea calamita differ between males and females from natural habitats and agrosystems?
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Zamora-Camacho, Francisco Javier
author Zamora-Camacho, Francisco Javier
author_facet Zamora-Camacho, Francisco Javier
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidad Complutense de Madrid
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv 597.6
Aposematism
Epidalea calamita
Locomotor performance
Parotoid glands
Sprint speed
Anfibios
2401.17 Invertebrados
topic 597.6
Aposematism
Epidalea calamita
Locomotor performance
Parotoid glands
Sprint speed
Anfibios
2401.17 Invertebrados
description Due to their assumed costs, simultaneous antipredator strategies are expected to face trade-offs, which, however, could be milder in individuals subjected to a more intense predator pressure. In this work, I studied the relationship between locomotion and parotoid glands in the natterjack toad, Epidalea calamita. Specifically, I predicted that individuals with reduced sprint speed would rely more on their chemical defences, having larger and more aposematically coloured parotoid glands. In addition, I expected this trade-off to be more evident in females and toads from pine grove habitats, because, according to previous work, males and toads from agrosystems are under greater predator pressure. However, sprint speed showed no relationship with coloration, but toads with proportionally greater parotoid glands were also proportionally faster. Thus, the costs of these antipredator traits might not be high enough to make them interfere, or the benefits of simultaneous optimisation of sprint speed and parotoid gland size might outweigh the costs of it in some individuals. In any case, habitat and sex did not affect these relationships, so the trends detected are valid across sexes and the habitats studied.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021
2021-01-01
2021
2021-01-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/4923
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/4923
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Atribución 3.0 España
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Atribución 3.0 España
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Docta Complutense
instname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
instname_str Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
reponame_str Docta Complutense
collection Docta Complutense
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.300724

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