Different Conceptualizations of Optimism/Pessimism and Their Relationship with Physical and Mental Health and Health-Related Behaviors

Background: There are practically no studies on the relationship between defensive pessimism and health. The objectives are (i) To examine the relationship between dispositional optimism and physical and mental health, and also between health behaviors, and (ii) To determine possible differences in...

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Autores: García Fernández-Abascal, Enrique, Martín Díaz, María Dolores, Beneyto Molina, Vicent Blai
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2018
País:España
Institución:Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia
Repositorio:e-spacio. Repositorio Institucional de la UNED
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:e-spacio.uned.es:20.500.14468/23960
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14468/23960
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:61 Psicología
Defensive pessimism
Dispositional pessimism
Dispositional optimism
Mental health
Physical health
Health protective behaviors
Age differences
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spelling Different Conceptualizations of Optimism/Pessimism and Their Relationship with Physical and Mental Health and Health-Related BehaviorsGarcía Fernández-Abascal, EnriqueMartín Díaz, María DoloresBeneyto Molina, Vicent Blai61 PsicologíaDefensive pessimismDispositional pessimismDispositional optimismMental healthPhysical healthHealth protective behaviorsAge differencesBackground: There are practically no studies on the relationship between defensive pessimism and health. The objectives are (i) To examine the relationship between dispositional optimism and physical and mental health, and also between health behaviors, and (ii) To determine possible differences in physical and mental health, and health behaviors, exploring three different conceptualizations of optimism/pessimism. Methods: The association between dispositional optimism (LOT-R), and physical and mental health (SF-36), and Health-Related Behaviors (HBC), were examined. We applied the OPQ to extract three groups from the total of participants, classified as dispositional-realistic pessimism, defensive pessimism, and dispositional-realistic optimism. Results: Dispositional optimism was a predictor of all the components of mental and physical health, it predicted mental health more strongly, is also a predictor of preventive health behavior. In the comparison of the study groups, dispositional-realistic optimism had the highest score in the SF-36 and in the Preventive Health Behavior. In Substance Risk Taking, defensive pessimism and dispositional-realistic optimism have a protective connotation. Conclusions: Dispositional optimism is a significant predictor of good mental and physical health outcomes. Dispositional-realistic optimists enjoy better health status and/or better quality of life in the different areas of mental and physical health, and perform more healthy behaviors. Of the study groups, on average, dispositional-realistic optimists were older.Carson City NVe-Spacio UNED20242024-10-0820182018-03-0220182018-03-02journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14468/23960reponame:e-spacio. Repositorio Institucional de la UNEDinstname:Universidad Nacional de Educación a DistanciaInglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.esoai:e-spacio.uned.es:20.500.14468/239602026-06-06T12:38:31Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Different Conceptualizations of Optimism/Pessimism and Their Relationship with Physical and Mental Health and Health-Related Behaviors
title Different Conceptualizations of Optimism/Pessimism and Their Relationship with Physical and Mental Health and Health-Related Behaviors
spellingShingle Different Conceptualizations of Optimism/Pessimism and Their Relationship with Physical and Mental Health and Health-Related Behaviors
García Fernández-Abascal, Enrique
61 Psicología
Defensive pessimism
Dispositional pessimism
Dispositional optimism
Mental health
Physical health
Health protective behaviors
Age differences
title_short Different Conceptualizations of Optimism/Pessimism and Their Relationship with Physical and Mental Health and Health-Related Behaviors
title_full Different Conceptualizations of Optimism/Pessimism and Their Relationship with Physical and Mental Health and Health-Related Behaviors
title_fullStr Different Conceptualizations of Optimism/Pessimism and Their Relationship with Physical and Mental Health and Health-Related Behaviors
title_full_unstemmed Different Conceptualizations of Optimism/Pessimism and Their Relationship with Physical and Mental Health and Health-Related Behaviors
title_sort Different Conceptualizations of Optimism/Pessimism and Their Relationship with Physical and Mental Health and Health-Related Behaviors
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv García Fernández-Abascal, Enrique
Martín Díaz, María Dolores
Beneyto Molina, Vicent Blai
author García Fernández-Abascal, Enrique
author_facet García Fernández-Abascal, Enrique
Martín Díaz, María Dolores
Beneyto Molina, Vicent Blai
author_role author
author2 Martín Díaz, María Dolores
Beneyto Molina, Vicent Blai
author2_role author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv e-Spacio UNED
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv 61 Psicología
Defensive pessimism
Dispositional pessimism
Dispositional optimism
Mental health
Physical health
Health protective behaviors
Age differences
topic 61 Psicología
Defensive pessimism
Dispositional pessimism
Dispositional optimism
Mental health
Physical health
Health protective behaviors
Age differences
description Background: There are practically no studies on the relationship between defensive pessimism and health. The objectives are (i) To examine the relationship between dispositional optimism and physical and mental health, and also between health behaviors, and (ii) To determine possible differences in physical and mental health, and health behaviors, exploring three different conceptualizations of optimism/pessimism. Methods: The association between dispositional optimism (LOT-R), and physical and mental health (SF-36), and Health-Related Behaviors (HBC), were examined. We applied the OPQ to extract three groups from the total of participants, classified as dispositional-realistic pessimism, defensive pessimism, and dispositional-realistic optimism. Results: Dispositional optimism was a predictor of all the components of mental and physical health, it predicted mental health more strongly, is also a predictor of preventive health behavior. In the comparison of the study groups, dispositional-realistic optimism had the highest score in the SF-36 and in the Preventive Health Behavior. In Substance Risk Taking, defensive pessimism and dispositional-realistic optimism have a protective connotation. Conclusions: Dispositional optimism is a significant predictor of good mental and physical health outcomes. Dispositional-realistic optimists enjoy better health status and/or better quality of life in the different areas of mental and physical health, and perform more healthy behaviors. Of the study groups, on average, dispositional-realistic optimists were older.
publishDate 2018
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2018
2018-03-02
2018
2018-03-02
2024
2024-10-08
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14468/23960
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14468/23960
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.es
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Carson City NV
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Carson City NV
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:e-spacio. Repositorio Institucional de la UNED
instname:Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia
instname_str Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia
reponame_str e-spacio. Repositorio Institucional de la UNED
collection e-spacio. Repositorio Institucional de la UNED
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,812429

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