Fluid dynamic simulation suggests hopping locomotion in the Ordovician trilobite Placoparia

Colonization of the water column by animals occurred gradually during the early Palaeozoic. However, the morphological and functional changes that took place during this colonization are poorly understood. The fossil record provides clear evidence of animals that were well adapted for swimming near...

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Autores: Esteve Serrano, Jorge Vicente, López, Matheo, Ramírez, Carlos-Guillermo, Gómez, Iván
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2021
País:España
Institución:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Repositorio:Docta Complutense
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/98248
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/98248
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:562
Functional diversity
Biomechanics
Ecology
Arthropods Ordovician
Paleontología
2416.02 Paleontología de Los Invertebrados
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spelling Fluid dynamic simulation suggests hopping locomotion in the Ordovician trilobite PlacopariaEsteve Serrano, Jorge VicenteLópez, MatheoRamírez, Carlos-GuillermoGómez, Iván562Functional diversityBiomechanicsEcologyArthropods OrdovicianPaleontología2416.02 Paleontología de Los InvertebradosColonization of the water column by animals occurred gradually during the early Palaeozoic. However, the morphological and functional changes that took place during this colonization are poorly understood. The fossil record provides clear evidence of animals that were well adapted for swimming near the seafloor or in the open ocean, but recognising transitional forms is more problematic. Trilobites are a good model to explore the colonization of marine ecosystems. Here, we use computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to test between competing functional hypotheses in the Ordovician trilobite Placoparia. The CFD simulations exhibits hydrodynamics that promote detachment from the seafloor but also promote return to the seafloor following detachment, this is compatible with hopping locomotion. The results suggest that Placopara was not able to swim, but its hydrodynamics allowed it to hop long distances. This is consistent with the fossil record, as some ichnofossils show evidence of hopping. This type of locomotion could be useful to avoid predators as an escape mechanism. In addition, CFD simulation shows how the morphology of Placoparia is adapted to protect anterior appendices of the trunk and generate a ventral vortex that send food particles directly to the trilobite mouth. Adaptations in Placoparia allowed the first steps to evolved a new ecological habitat and consequently nektonization during the GOBEElsevierUniversidad Complutense de Madrid20212021-01-0120212021-01-01journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/98248reponame:Docta Complutenseinstname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/982482026-06-02T12:44:21Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Fluid dynamic simulation suggests hopping locomotion in the Ordovician trilobite Placoparia
title Fluid dynamic simulation suggests hopping locomotion in the Ordovician trilobite Placoparia
spellingShingle Fluid dynamic simulation suggests hopping locomotion in the Ordovician trilobite Placoparia
Esteve Serrano, Jorge Vicente
562
Functional diversity
Biomechanics
Ecology
Arthropods Ordovician
Paleontología
2416.02 Paleontología de Los Invertebrados
title_short Fluid dynamic simulation suggests hopping locomotion in the Ordovician trilobite Placoparia
title_full Fluid dynamic simulation suggests hopping locomotion in the Ordovician trilobite Placoparia
title_fullStr Fluid dynamic simulation suggests hopping locomotion in the Ordovician trilobite Placoparia
title_full_unstemmed Fluid dynamic simulation suggests hopping locomotion in the Ordovician trilobite Placoparia
title_sort Fluid dynamic simulation suggests hopping locomotion in the Ordovician trilobite Placoparia
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Esteve Serrano, Jorge Vicente
López, Matheo
Ramírez, Carlos-Guillermo
Gómez, Iván
author Esteve Serrano, Jorge Vicente
author_facet Esteve Serrano, Jorge Vicente
López, Matheo
Ramírez, Carlos-Guillermo
Gómez, Iván
author_role author
author2 López, Matheo
Ramírez, Carlos-Guillermo
Gómez, Iván
author2_role author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidad Complutense de Madrid
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv 562
Functional diversity
Biomechanics
Ecology
Arthropods Ordovician
Paleontología
2416.02 Paleontología de Los Invertebrados
topic 562
Functional diversity
Biomechanics
Ecology
Arthropods Ordovician
Paleontología
2416.02 Paleontología de Los Invertebrados
description Colonization of the water column by animals occurred gradually during the early Palaeozoic. However, the morphological and functional changes that took place during this colonization are poorly understood. The fossil record provides clear evidence of animals that were well adapted for swimming near the seafloor or in the open ocean, but recognising transitional forms is more problematic. Trilobites are a good model to explore the colonization of marine ecosystems. Here, we use computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to test between competing functional hypotheses in the Ordovician trilobite Placoparia. The CFD simulations exhibits hydrodynamics that promote detachment from the seafloor but also promote return to the seafloor following detachment, this is compatible with hopping locomotion. The results suggest that Placopara was not able to swim, but its hydrodynamics allowed it to hop long distances. This is consistent with the fossil record, as some ichnofossils show evidence of hopping. This type of locomotion could be useful to avoid predators as an escape mechanism. In addition, CFD simulation shows how the morphology of Placoparia is adapted to protect anterior appendices of the trunk and generate a ventral vortex that send food particles directly to the trilobite mouth. Adaptations in Placoparia allowed the first steps to evolved a new ecological habitat and consequently nektonization during the GOBE
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021
2021-01-01
2021
2021-01-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/98248
url https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/98248
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Docta Complutense
instname:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
instname_str Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
reponame_str Docta Complutense
collection Docta Complutense
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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