Determination of the number of shots for Grover’s search algorithm

This paper focuses on Grover’s quantum search algorithm, which is of paramount importance as a masterpiece of Quantum Computing software. Given the inherent probabilistic nature of quantum computers, quantum programs based on Grover’s algorithm need to be run a number of times in order to generate a...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Kessler Neyer, Mathieu, Alonso Cáceres, Diego, Sánchez Palma, Pedro
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:España
Institución:Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena(UPCT)
Repositorio:Repositorio Digital UPCT
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.upct.es:10317/12996
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10317/12996
https://epjquantumtechnology.springeropen.com/articles/10.1140/epjqt/s40507-023-00204-y
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Computación cuántica
Algoritmo de Grover
Coleccionista de cupones
Número de shots
Física Aplicada
Lenguajes y Sistemas Informáticos
1206.01 Construcción de Algoritmos
Descripción
Sumario:This paper focuses on Grover’s quantum search algorithm, which is of paramount importance as a masterpiece of Quantum Computing software. Given the inherent probabilistic nature of quantum computers, quantum programs based on Grover’s algorithm need to be run a number of times in order to generate a histogram of candidate values for solutions, which are then checked to identify the valid ones. In this paper, the distribution of the required number of shots to find all or a fraction of all the solutions to the Grover’s search problem is studied. Firstly, considering the similarity of the probability problem with the well-known coupon collector’s problem, two formulae are obtained from asymptotic results on the distribution of the required number of shots, as the number of problem solutions grows. These expressions allow to compute the number of shots required to ensure that, with probability p, all or a fraction of all the solutions are found. Secondly, the probability mass function of the required number of shots is derived, which serves as a benchmark to assess the validity of the asymptotic approximations derived previously. A comparison between the two approaches is presented and, as a result, a rule of thumb to decide under which circumstances employ one or the other is proposed.