Changes in cortisol and cortisone in hair of pigs reared under heat stress conditions

Heat stress accounts for millions of dollars in losses for swine producers worldwide. The aim of the present study was to determine and evaluate cortisol and cortisone in hair as indicators of thermal stress in growing pigs reared under high environmental temperatures. The study was carried out in t...

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Autores: Escribano, Damián, Contreras-Jodar, Alexandra, López-Arjona, Marina, Joaquín Cerón, José, Fàbrega, Emma, Aymerich, Pau, Dalmau, Antoni
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:España
Institución:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositorio:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:20.500.12327/2414
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12327/2414
https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1156480
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:636
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spelling Changes in cortisol and cortisone in hair of pigs reared under heat stress conditionsEscribano, DamiánContreras-Jodar, AlexandraLópez-Arjona, MarinaJoaquín Cerón, JoséFàbrega, EmmaAymerich, PauDalmau, Antoni636Heat stress accounts for millions of dollars in losses for swine producers worldwide. The aim of the present study was to determine and evaluate cortisol and cortisone in hair as indicators of thermal stress in growing pigs reared under high environmental temperatures. The study was carried out in two independent batches of commercial crosses of Lean Duroc and Pietrain in trials 1 and 2, respectively, during the growing period (from 40 to 100 kg; 81 days in trial 1 and 77 days in trial 2) in the same commercial farm in Spain during the summers of 2020 and 2021. In both cases, four rooms were used. In Trial 1, Room 1 had cooling and 11 pigs per pen; Room 2 had no cooling and 13 pigs per pen; Room 3 had no cooling and 11 pigs per pen, and Room 4 had cooling and 13 pigs per pen. In Trial 2, Rooms 2 and 3 had cooling and rooms 1 and 4 had no cooling, and all of them had 13 pigs per pen. Mean THI value was higher (p < 0.0001) in rooms without cooling systems (75.0 trial 1; 74.9 trial 2) than with them (71.3 trial 1; 71.7 trial 2). A total of four pens per room (16 in total) was selected for analysis of hair corticoids and all pigs inside were sampled at the end of the study. Fifty percent of the pigs were males (castrated and intact in trial 1 and 2, respectively) and 50% females. In total, 44, 52, 44, and 52 pigs, respectively, were sampled in four rooms from the first trial and 52 for each of four rooms in Trial 2. Cortisol concentrations in hair did not show any significant change in relation to cooling-non-cooling in any trial. However, hair cortisone concentration was 172.3 pg./mg and 105.8 pg./ mg less (p < 0.001) in pigs housed with cooling systems compared to those without them in Trial 1 and 2, respectively. In addition, the cortisone/cortisol ratio, which is an estimator of the activity of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD) type 2, was also greater in rooms without cooling than in rooms with cooling in both trials (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0105 for Trials 1 and 2, respectively). In relation to the sex effect, the results showed greater levels in females than in castrated males both in cortisone and the cortisol/cortisone ratio while cortisol hair levels were greater in intact males than in females. Therefore, the use of cortisone and the estimation of 11β-HSD type 2 activity in hair is recommended to evaluate the chronic stress produced by high environmental conditions in pigs instead of using hair cortisol concentrations alone.This study was included in Vall Companys, S.A.U.’s project WELFARE+ 8IDI-20210216 co-funded by Centre for the Development of Industrial Technology (CDTI), a Public Business Entity, answering to the Ministry of Science and Innovation, and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). DE was funded by the postdoctoral contract “Generational renewal to promote research” of the University of Murcia. ML-A (FJC2021-047105-I) by means of a post-doctoral fellowship, “Juan de la Cierva Formación,” supported by the “Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.”info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionFrontiers MediaProducció AnimalBenestar Animal2023info:eu-repo/semantics/article9http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12327/2414https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1156480reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunyainstname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)InglésFrontiers in Veterinary ScienceCDTI/ /IDI-20210216/ES/ESTRATEGIAS PARA UN NIVEL SUPERIOR DE BIENESTAR EN LA PRODUCCIÓN PORCINA (1/2)/FEDER/ / /EU/ /MICINN/Programa Estatal de promoción del talento y su empleabilidad en I+D+I/FJC2021-047105-I/ES/ /Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:recercat.cat:20.500.12327/24142026-05-29T05:05:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Changes in cortisol and cortisone in hair of pigs reared under heat stress conditions
title Changes in cortisol and cortisone in hair of pigs reared under heat stress conditions
spellingShingle Changes in cortisol and cortisone in hair of pigs reared under heat stress conditions
Escribano, Damián
636
title_short Changes in cortisol and cortisone in hair of pigs reared under heat stress conditions
title_full Changes in cortisol and cortisone in hair of pigs reared under heat stress conditions
title_fullStr Changes in cortisol and cortisone in hair of pigs reared under heat stress conditions
title_full_unstemmed Changes in cortisol and cortisone in hair of pigs reared under heat stress conditions
title_sort Changes in cortisol and cortisone in hair of pigs reared under heat stress conditions
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Escribano, Damián
Contreras-Jodar, Alexandra
López-Arjona, Marina
Joaquín Cerón, José
Fàbrega, Emma
Aymerich, Pau
Dalmau, Antoni
author Escribano, Damián
author_facet Escribano, Damián
Contreras-Jodar, Alexandra
López-Arjona, Marina
Joaquín Cerón, José
Fàbrega, Emma
Aymerich, Pau
Dalmau, Antoni
author_role author
author2 Contreras-Jodar, Alexandra
López-Arjona, Marina
Joaquín Cerón, José
Fàbrega, Emma
Aymerich, Pau
Dalmau, Antoni
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Producció Animal
Benestar Animal
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv 636
topic 636
description Heat stress accounts for millions of dollars in losses for swine producers worldwide. The aim of the present study was to determine and evaluate cortisol and cortisone in hair as indicators of thermal stress in growing pigs reared under high environmental temperatures. The study was carried out in two independent batches of commercial crosses of Lean Duroc and Pietrain in trials 1 and 2, respectively, during the growing period (from 40 to 100 kg; 81 days in trial 1 and 77 days in trial 2) in the same commercial farm in Spain during the summers of 2020 and 2021. In both cases, four rooms were used. In Trial 1, Room 1 had cooling and 11 pigs per pen; Room 2 had no cooling and 13 pigs per pen; Room 3 had no cooling and 11 pigs per pen, and Room 4 had cooling and 13 pigs per pen. In Trial 2, Rooms 2 and 3 had cooling and rooms 1 and 4 had no cooling, and all of them had 13 pigs per pen. Mean THI value was higher (p < 0.0001) in rooms without cooling systems (75.0 trial 1; 74.9 trial 2) than with them (71.3 trial 1; 71.7 trial 2). A total of four pens per room (16 in total) was selected for analysis of hair corticoids and all pigs inside were sampled at the end of the study. Fifty percent of the pigs were males (castrated and intact in trial 1 and 2, respectively) and 50% females. In total, 44, 52, 44, and 52 pigs, respectively, were sampled in four rooms from the first trial and 52 for each of four rooms in Trial 2. Cortisol concentrations in hair did not show any significant change in relation to cooling-non-cooling in any trial. However, hair cortisone concentration was 172.3 pg./mg and 105.8 pg./ mg less (p < 0.001) in pigs housed with cooling systems compared to those without them in Trial 1 and 2, respectively. In addition, the cortisone/cortisol ratio, which is an estimator of the activity of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD) type 2, was also greater in rooms without cooling than in rooms with cooling in both trials (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0105 for Trials 1 and 2, respectively). In relation to the sex effect, the results showed greater levels in females than in castrated males both in cortisone and the cortisol/cortisone ratio while cortisol hair levels were greater in intact males than in females. Therefore, the use of cortisone and the estimation of 11β-HSD type 2 activity in hair is recommended to evaluate the chronic stress produced by high environmental conditions in pigs instead of using hair cortisol concentrations alone.
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12327/2414
https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1156480
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12327/2414
https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1156480
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers in Veterinary Science
CDTI/ /IDI-20210216/ES/ESTRATEGIAS PARA UN NIVEL SUPERIOR DE BIENESTAR EN LA PRODUCCIÓN PORCINA (1/2)/
FEDER/ / /EU/ /
MICINN/Programa Estatal de promoción del talento y su empleabilidad en I+D+I/FJC2021-047105-I/ES/ /
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv 9
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers Media
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers Media
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
instname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
instname_str Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
reponame_str Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
collection Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,812455

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