Automated Tenderness Assessment of Okra Using Robotic Non-Destructive Sensing

[EN] The quality of okra is crucial in satisfying consumer expectations, and the tenderness of okra is an essential parameter in estimating its condition. However, the current methods for assessing okra tenderness are slow and prone to errors, necessitating the development of a better, non-destructi...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Arolkar, Neha M., Dapurkar, Nikita, González-Planells, Pablo, Ortiz Sánchez, María Coral|||0000-0002-2744-6964, Blanes Campos, Carlos|||0000-0003-1977-7429
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)
Repositorio:RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:riunet.upv.es:10251/211431
Acceso en línea:https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/211431
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Non-destructive
Tenderness
Robot
Okra
Quality
INGENIERIA DE SISTEMAS Y AUTOMATICA
INGENIERIA AGROFORESTAL
id ES_7cfc7b98dac5f93f4a12bc220e4d4263
oai_identifier_str oai:riunet.upv.es:10251/211431
network_acronym_str ES
network_name_str España
repository_id_str
spelling Automated Tenderness Assessment of Okra Using Robotic Non-Destructive SensingArolkar, Neha M.Dapurkar, NikitaGonzález-Planells, PabloOrtiz Sánchez, María Coral|||0000-0002-2744-6964Blanes Campos, Carlos|||0000-0003-1977-7429Non-destructiveTendernessRobotOkraQualityINGENIERIA DE SISTEMAS Y AUTOMATICAINGENIERIA AGROFORESTAL[EN] The quality of okra is crucial in satisfying consumer expectations, and the tenderness of okra is an essential parameter in estimating its condition. However, the current methods for assessing okra tenderness are slow and prone to errors, necessitating the development of a better, non-destructive method. The objective of the present study is to develop and test a non-destructive robotic sensor for assessing okra freshness and tenderness. A total of 120 pods were divided into two sets and stored under different conditions: 60 pods were kept in a cold chamber for 24 h (considered tender), while the other 60 pods were stored at room temperature for two days. First, the samples were assessed non-destructively using the force sensor of a collaborative robot, where a jamming pad (with internal granular fill) was capable of adapting and copying the okra shapes while controlling its force deformation. Second, the okra pods were evaluated with the referenced destructive tests, as well as weight loss, compression, and puncture tests. In order to validate the differences in the tenderness of the two sets, a discriminant analysis was carried out to segregate the okra pods into the two categories according to the destructive variables, confirming the procedure which was followed to produce tender and non-tender okra pods. After the differences in the tenderness of the two sets were confirmed, the variables extracted from the robotic sensor (maximum force (Fmax), first slope (S1), second slope (S2), the first overshoot (Os), and the steady state (Ss)) were significant predictors for the separation in the two quality categories. Discriminant analysis and logistic regression methods were applied to classify the pods into the two tenderness categories. Promising results were obtained using neural network classification with 80% accuracy in predicting tenderness from the sensor data, and a 95.5% accuracy rate was achieved in distinguishing between tender and non-tender okra pods in the validation data set. The use of the robotic sensor could be an efficient tool in evaluating the quality of okra. This process may lead to substantial savings and waste reduction, particularly considering the elevated cost and challenges associated with transporting perishable vegetables.This research was funded by the Valencia Government (Spain) through the project "RECOLECCION INTELIGENTE Y AUTOMATIZADA DE CULTIVOS DE ALTO VALOR EN INVERNADEROS SOSTENIBLES (INNEST/2023/106)" and supported by the NAHEP, World Bank Project Authority, ICAR, New Delhi, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani Project Centre.MDPI AGDepartamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas y AutomáticaDepartamento de Ingeniería Rural y AgroalimentariaEscuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Aeroespacial y Diseño IndustrialInstituto Universitario de Automática e Informática IndustrialEscuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y del Medio NaturalGrupo de Mecanización y Tecnología AgrariaGeneralitat ValencianaRepositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politècnica de València Riunet20242024-09-01journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/211431reponame:RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valénciainstname:Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)InglésengGeneralitat Valenciana https://doi.org/10.13039/501100003359 INNEST%2F2023%2F106open accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Reconocimiento (by)http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:riunet.upv.es:10251/2114312026-06-13T07:49:27Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Automated Tenderness Assessment of Okra Using Robotic Non-Destructive Sensing
title Automated Tenderness Assessment of Okra Using Robotic Non-Destructive Sensing
spellingShingle Automated Tenderness Assessment of Okra Using Robotic Non-Destructive Sensing
Arolkar, Neha M.
Non-destructive
Tenderness
Robot
Okra
Quality
INGENIERIA DE SISTEMAS Y AUTOMATICA
INGENIERIA AGROFORESTAL
title_short Automated Tenderness Assessment of Okra Using Robotic Non-Destructive Sensing
title_full Automated Tenderness Assessment of Okra Using Robotic Non-Destructive Sensing
title_fullStr Automated Tenderness Assessment of Okra Using Robotic Non-Destructive Sensing
title_full_unstemmed Automated Tenderness Assessment of Okra Using Robotic Non-Destructive Sensing
title_sort Automated Tenderness Assessment of Okra Using Robotic Non-Destructive Sensing
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Arolkar, Neha M.
Dapurkar, Nikita
González-Planells, Pablo
Ortiz Sánchez, María Coral|||0000-0002-2744-6964
Blanes Campos, Carlos|||0000-0003-1977-7429
author Arolkar, Neha M.
author_facet Arolkar, Neha M.
Dapurkar, Nikita
González-Planells, Pablo
Ortiz Sánchez, María Coral|||0000-0002-2744-6964
Blanes Campos, Carlos|||0000-0003-1977-7429
author_role author
author2 Dapurkar, Nikita
González-Planells, Pablo
Ortiz Sánchez, María Coral|||0000-0002-2744-6964
Blanes Campos, Carlos|||0000-0003-1977-7429
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas y Automática
Departamento de Ingeniería Rural y Agroalimentaria
Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Aeroespacial y Diseño Industrial
Instituto Universitario de Automática e Informática Industrial
Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y del Medio Natural
Grupo de Mecanización y Tecnología Agraria
Generalitat Valenciana
Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politècnica de València Riunet
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Non-destructive
Tenderness
Robot
Okra
Quality
INGENIERIA DE SISTEMAS Y AUTOMATICA
INGENIERIA AGROFORESTAL
topic Non-destructive
Tenderness
Robot
Okra
Quality
INGENIERIA DE SISTEMAS Y AUTOMATICA
INGENIERIA AGROFORESTAL
description [EN] The quality of okra is crucial in satisfying consumer expectations, and the tenderness of okra is an essential parameter in estimating its condition. However, the current methods for assessing okra tenderness are slow and prone to errors, necessitating the development of a better, non-destructive method. The objective of the present study is to develop and test a non-destructive robotic sensor for assessing okra freshness and tenderness. A total of 120 pods were divided into two sets and stored under different conditions: 60 pods were kept in a cold chamber for 24 h (considered tender), while the other 60 pods were stored at room temperature for two days. First, the samples were assessed non-destructively using the force sensor of a collaborative robot, where a jamming pad (with internal granular fill) was capable of adapting and copying the okra shapes while controlling its force deformation. Second, the okra pods were evaluated with the referenced destructive tests, as well as weight loss, compression, and puncture tests. In order to validate the differences in the tenderness of the two sets, a discriminant analysis was carried out to segregate the okra pods into the two categories according to the destructive variables, confirming the procedure which was followed to produce tender and non-tender okra pods. After the differences in the tenderness of the two sets were confirmed, the variables extracted from the robotic sensor (maximum force (Fmax), first slope (S1), second slope (S2), the first overshoot (Os), and the steady state (Ss)) were significant predictors for the separation in the two quality categories. Discriminant analysis and logistic regression methods were applied to classify the pods into the two tenderness categories. Promising results were obtained using neural network classification with 80% accuracy in predicting tenderness from the sensor data, and a 95.5% accuracy rate was achieved in distinguishing between tender and non-tender okra pods in the validation data set. The use of the robotic sensor could be an efficient tool in evaluating the quality of okra. This process may lead to substantial savings and waste reduction, particularly considering the elevated cost and challenges associated with transporting perishable vegetables.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2024
2024-09-01
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/211431
url https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/211431
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Generalitat Valenciana https://doi.org/10.13039/501100003359 INNEST%2F2023%2F106
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Reconocimiento (by)
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Reconocimiento (by)
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI AG
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI AG
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia
instname:Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)
instname_str Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)
reponame_str RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia
collection RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
_version_ 1869411630202224640
score 15,811543