Primary Care Records and Population Prevalence of Chronic Insomnia: Do They Match?

Background/Objectives: Chronic insomnia is a prevalent condition with important health implications. However, its recognition in clinical practice is often limited. This study evaluated the alignment between population-based estimates of chronic insomnia and the prevalence recorded in primary care,...

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Autores: Pujol Salud J, García-Serrano C, de Entrambasaguas M, Malla Montagut M, Martínez Redondo J
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:INCLIVA
Repositorio:r-INCLIVA. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica de INCLIVA
OAI Identifier:oai:incliva.fundanetsuite.com:p20571
Acceso en línea:https://incliva.portalinvestigacion.com/publicaciones/20571
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:big data
primary health care
sleep initiation and maintenance disorders
surveys and questionnaires
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spelling Primary Care Records and Population Prevalence of Chronic Insomnia: Do They Match?Pujol Salud JGarcía-Serrano Cde Entrambasaguas MMalla Montagut MMartínez Redondo Jbig dataprimary health caresleep initiation and maintenance disorderssurveys and questionnairesBackground/Objectives: Chronic insomnia is a prevalent condition with important health implications. However, its recognition in clinical practice is often limited. This study evaluated the alignment between population-based estimates of chronic insomnia and the prevalence recorded in primary care, assessing the diagnostic reliability of healthcare services. Design: We conducted a comparative cross-sectional analysis using two independent data sources: (1) the Epidemiology Study of Insomnia in Spain (EPINSOM) survey, which applied the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, Third Edition (ICSD-3), criteria to a representative sample of the Spanish adult population (n = 2243; Catalonia subsample n = 363) and (2) the SIDIAP Electronic Health Record (EHR) database, comprising anonymized primary care data from adults in Catalonia (N = 4,131,754). Methods: Prevalence estimates of insomnia symptoms, chronic insomnia syndrome, and chronic insomnia disorder were extracted from the EPINSOM survey and compared with ICD-10-coded insomnia diagnoses in the SIDIAP. Pairwise comparisons of proportions were conducted using z-tests for independent samples. For transparency, 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using the Wilson method. Results: In Catalonia, the population-based prevalence of chronic insomnia disorder was 13.6% (95% CI: 10.1-17.1), whereas the prevalence of coded insomnia diagnoses in primary care was significantly lower at 5.1% (95% CI: 5.08-5.12). Among adults aged =55 years, the prevalence estimates were more closely aligned between the survey (18.2%) and SIDIAP records (18.5%). The survey-derived prevalence of insomnia symptoms reached 41.39% (95% CI: 39.2-43.6), highlighting substantial underrecognition in clinical practice. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that primary care insomnia diagnoses substantially underestimate insomnia prevalence compared with ICSD-3-based population estimates, particularly in younger adults. While diagnoses appear to be more like to prevalence in older adults (>55 years), this discrepancy highlights the need for improved identification and management of insomnia in primary care settings, especially among younger populations who may be underdiagnosed.MDPI2025info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttps://incliva.portalinvestigacion.com/publicaciones/20571HealthcareISSN: 22279032reponame:r-INCLIVA. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica de INCLIVAinstname:INCLIVAInglésinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:incliva.fundanetsuite.com:p205712026-06-07T16:35:31Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Primary Care Records and Population Prevalence of Chronic Insomnia: Do They Match?
title Primary Care Records and Population Prevalence of Chronic Insomnia: Do They Match?
spellingShingle Primary Care Records and Population Prevalence of Chronic Insomnia: Do They Match?
Pujol Salud J
big data
primary health care
sleep initiation and maintenance disorders
surveys and questionnaires
title_short Primary Care Records and Population Prevalence of Chronic Insomnia: Do They Match?
title_full Primary Care Records and Population Prevalence of Chronic Insomnia: Do They Match?
title_fullStr Primary Care Records and Population Prevalence of Chronic Insomnia: Do They Match?
title_full_unstemmed Primary Care Records and Population Prevalence of Chronic Insomnia: Do They Match?
title_sort Primary Care Records and Population Prevalence of Chronic Insomnia: Do They Match?
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Pujol Salud J
García-Serrano C
de Entrambasaguas M
Malla Montagut M
Martínez Redondo J
author Pujol Salud J
author_facet Pujol Salud J
García-Serrano C
de Entrambasaguas M
Malla Montagut M
Martínez Redondo J
author_role author
author2 García-Serrano C
de Entrambasaguas M
Malla Montagut M
Martínez Redondo J
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv big data
primary health care
sleep initiation and maintenance disorders
surveys and questionnaires
topic big data
primary health care
sleep initiation and maintenance disorders
surveys and questionnaires
description Background/Objectives: Chronic insomnia is a prevalent condition with important health implications. However, its recognition in clinical practice is often limited. This study evaluated the alignment between population-based estimates of chronic insomnia and the prevalence recorded in primary care, assessing the diagnostic reliability of healthcare services. Design: We conducted a comparative cross-sectional analysis using two independent data sources: (1) the Epidemiology Study of Insomnia in Spain (EPINSOM) survey, which applied the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, Third Edition (ICSD-3), criteria to a representative sample of the Spanish adult population (n = 2243; Catalonia subsample n = 363) and (2) the SIDIAP Electronic Health Record (EHR) database, comprising anonymized primary care data from adults in Catalonia (N = 4,131,754). Methods: Prevalence estimates of insomnia symptoms, chronic insomnia syndrome, and chronic insomnia disorder were extracted from the EPINSOM survey and compared with ICD-10-coded insomnia diagnoses in the SIDIAP. Pairwise comparisons of proportions were conducted using z-tests for independent samples. For transparency, 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using the Wilson method. Results: In Catalonia, the population-based prevalence of chronic insomnia disorder was 13.6% (95% CI: 10.1-17.1), whereas the prevalence of coded insomnia diagnoses in primary care was significantly lower at 5.1% (95% CI: 5.08-5.12). Among adults aged =55 years, the prevalence estimates were more closely aligned between the survey (18.2%) and SIDIAP records (18.5%). The survey-derived prevalence of insomnia symptoms reached 41.39% (95% CI: 39.2-43.6), highlighting substantial underrecognition in clinical practice. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that primary care insomnia diagnoses substantially underestimate insomnia prevalence compared with ICSD-3-based population estimates, particularly in younger adults. While diagnoses appear to be more like to prevalence in older adults (>55 years), this discrepancy highlights the need for improved identification and management of insomnia in primary care settings, especially among younger populations who may be underdiagnosed.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://incliva.portalinvestigacion.com/publicaciones/20571
url https://incliva.portalinvestigacion.com/publicaciones/20571
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Healthcare
ISSN: 22279032
reponame:r-INCLIVA. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica de INCLIVA
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instname_str INCLIVA
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