Evolutionary Trends in the Temporal Bone in the Neandertal Lineage: A Comparative Study Between the Sima de los Huesos (Sierra de Atapuerca) and Krapina Samples

A comparative study of the temporal bone in the fossil human collections from the Middle and Upper Pleistocene sites of the Sima de los Huesos (Spain) and Krapma (Croatia), respectively, has revealed a pattern to the emergence of several Neandertal features in the glenoid fossa and mastoid process....

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Bibliographic Details
Authors: Martínez Mendizábal, Ignacio, Quam, Rolf, Arsuaga Ferreras, Juan Luis
Format: article
Publication Date:2006
Country:España
Institution:Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM)
Repository:Docta Complutense
Language:English
OAI Identifier:oai:docta.ucm.es:20.500.14352/110277
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/110277
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:569.89
Krapina
Atapuerca
Sima de los Huesos
temporal bone
Neandertal
Paleontología
2416.05 Paleontología de Los Vertebrados
Description
Summary:A comparative study of the temporal bone in the fossil human collections from the Middle and Upper Pleistocene sites of the Sima de los Huesos (Spain) and Krapma (Croatia), respectively, has revealed a pattern to the emergence of several Neandertal features in the glenoid fossa and mastoid process. The results demonstrate that a flattened articular eminence characterizes the Neandertal evolutionary lineage, and this apparently derived feature is present at least since the time of the Atapuerca (SH) hominids. In contrast, both the size of the postglenoid process and the projection of the mastoid process have clearly undergone a reduction in the Neandertals, including the Krapina sample, from their Middle Pleistocene precursors. The anterior mastoid tubercle is absent in both the Atapuerca (SH) sample and the Krapina hominids, but is ubiquitous in Upper Pleistocene Western European Neandertals, suggesting a later appearance of this feature. Finally, the narrow width of the mastoid process in the Krapina sample appears to be a feature which is particular to this sample.