NORM waste, cements, and concretes. A review

The use of industrial waste and/or by-products as alternative sources of raw materials in building materials has become standard practice. The result, more sustainable construction, is contributing to the institution of a circular economy. Nonetheless, all necessary precautions must be taken to ensu...

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Autores: Puertas, Francisca, Suárez-Navarro, José Antonio, Alonso López, M. del Mar, Gascó, Catalina
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2021
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/257460
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/257460
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:NORM waste
Cements
Concretes
Geopolymers
Radioactivity
Behaviour
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spelling NORM waste, cements, and concretes. A reviewPuertas, FranciscaSuárez-Navarro, José AntonioAlonso López, M. del MarGascó, CatalinaNORM wasteCementsConcretesGeopolymersRadioactivityBehaviourThe use of industrial waste and/or by-products as alternative sources of raw materials in building materials has become standard practice. The result, more sustainable construction, is contributing to the institution of a circular economy. Nonetheless, all necessary precautions must be taken to ensure that the inclusion and use of such materials entail no new health hazard for people or their environment. Due to the processes involved in generating industrial waste/by-products, these alternative or secondary materials may be contaminated with heavy metals, other undesirable chemicals or high levels of natural radioactivity that may constrain their use. In-depth and realistic research on such industrial waste is consequently requisite to its deployment in building materials.This paper reviews the basic concepts associated with radioactivity and natural radioactivity, focusing on industrial waste/by-products comprising Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) used in cement and concrete manufacture. Updated radiological data are furnished on such waste (including plant fly ash, iron and steel mill slag, bauxite and phosphogypsum waste) and on other materials such as limestone, gypsum and so on. The paper also presents recent findings on radionuclide activity concentrations in Portland cements and concretes not bearing NORMs. The role of natural aggregate in end concrete radiological behaviour is broached. The radiological behaviour of alternative non-portland cements and concretes, such as alkali-activated materials and geopolymers, is also addressed.Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation funding for project BIA2016-77252-R, under which several of the studies described in this review were conducted, is gratefully acknowledged.Peer reviewedEditorial CSICMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]2022202220212022info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/257460reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Inglés#PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/BIA2016-77252-Rhttps://doi.org/10.3989/mc.2021.13520Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/2574602026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv NORM waste, cements, and concretes. A review
title NORM waste, cements, and concretes. A review
spellingShingle NORM waste, cements, and concretes. A review
Puertas, Francisca
NORM waste
Cements
Concretes
Geopolymers
Radioactivity
Behaviour
title_short NORM waste, cements, and concretes. A review
title_full NORM waste, cements, and concretes. A review
title_fullStr NORM waste, cements, and concretes. A review
title_full_unstemmed NORM waste, cements, and concretes. A review
title_sort NORM waste, cements, and concretes. A review
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Puertas, Francisca
Suárez-Navarro, José Antonio
Alonso López, M. del Mar
Gascó, Catalina
author Puertas, Francisca
author_facet Puertas, Francisca
Suárez-Navarro, José Antonio
Alonso López, M. del Mar
Gascó, Catalina
author_role author
author2 Suárez-Navarro, José Antonio
Alonso López, M. del Mar
Gascó, Catalina
author2_role author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv NORM waste
Cements
Concretes
Geopolymers
Radioactivity
Behaviour
topic NORM waste
Cements
Concretes
Geopolymers
Radioactivity
Behaviour
description The use of industrial waste and/or by-products as alternative sources of raw materials in building materials has become standard practice. The result, more sustainable construction, is contributing to the institution of a circular economy. Nonetheless, all necessary precautions must be taken to ensure that the inclusion and use of such materials entail no new health hazard for people or their environment. Due to the processes involved in generating industrial waste/by-products, these alternative or secondary materials may be contaminated with heavy metals, other undesirable chemicals or high levels of natural radioactivity that may constrain their use. In-depth and realistic research on such industrial waste is consequently requisite to its deployment in building materials.This paper reviews the basic concepts associated with radioactivity and natural radioactivity, focusing on industrial waste/by-products comprising Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) used in cement and concrete manufacture. Updated radiological data are furnished on such waste (including plant fly ash, iron and steel mill slag, bauxite and phosphogypsum waste) and on other materials such as limestone, gypsum and so on. The paper also presents recent findings on radionuclide activity concentrations in Portland cements and concretes not bearing NORMs. The role of natural aggregate in end concrete radiological behaviour is broached. The radiological behaviour of alternative non-portland cements and concretes, such as alkali-activated materials and geopolymers, is also addressed.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021
2022
2022
2022
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/257460
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/257460
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv #PLACEHOLDER_PARENT_METADATA_VALUE#
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2013-2016/BIA2016-77252-R
https://doi.org/10.3989/mc.2021.13520
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Editorial CSIC
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Editorial CSIC
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
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