Linguistic entrenchment: Prior knowledge impacts statistical learning performance

Available online 26 April 2018.

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Siegelman, Noam, Bogaerts, Louisa, Elazar, Amit, Arciuli, Joanne, Frost, Ram
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2018
País:España
Institución:Universidad del País Vasco
Repositorio:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
OAI Identifier:oai:addi.ehu.eus:10810/26658
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10810/26658
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Statistical learning
Prior knowledge
Entrenchment
Domain generality vs. domain specificity
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spelling Linguistic entrenchment: Prior knowledge impacts statistical learning performanceSiegelman, NoamBogaerts, LouisaElazar, AmitArciuli, JoanneFrost, RamStatistical learningPrior knowledgeEntrenchmentDomain generality vs. domain specificityAvailable online 26 April 2018.Statistical Learning (SL) is typically considered to be a domain-general mechanism by which cognitive systems discover the underlying statistical regularities in the input. Recent findings, however, show clear differences in processing regularities across modalities and stimuli as well as low correlations between performance on visual and auditory tasks. Why does a presumably domain-general mechanism show distinct patterns of modality and stimulus specificity? Here we claim that the key to this puzzle lies in the prior knowledge brought upon by learners to the learning task. Specifically, we argue that learners’ already entrenched expectations about speech co-occurrences from their native language impacts what they learn from novel auditory verbal input. In contrast, learners are free of such entrenchment when processing sequences of visual material such as abstract shapes. We present evidence from three experiments supporting this hypothesis by showing that auditory-verbal tasks display distinct item-specific effects resulting in low correlations between test items. In contrast, non-verbal tasks – visual and auditory – show high correlations between items. Importantly, we also show that individual performance in visual and auditory SL tasks that do not implicate prior knowledge regarding co-occurrence of elements, is highly correlated. In a fourth experiment, we present further support for the entrenchment hypothesis by showing that the variance in performance between different stimuli in auditory-verbal statistical learning tasks can be traced back to their resemblance to participants' native language. We discuss the methodological and theoretical implications of these findings, focusing on models of domain generality/specificity of SL.This paper was supported by the ERC Advanced grant awarded to Ram Frost (project 692502-L2STAT), the Israel Science Foundation (Grant 217/14 awarded to Ram Frost) and by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (RO1 HD 067364 awarded to Ken Pugh and Ram Frost, and PO1 HD 01994 awarded to Haskins Laboratories). Louisa Bogaerts received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 743528 (IF-EF).COGNITION201820182018info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10810/26658reponame:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigacióninstname:Universidad del País VascoInglésinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ERC2015-ADG-692502//info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/743528https://www.journals.elsevier.com/cognitioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess© 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.oai:addi.ehu.eus:10810/266582026-06-18T09:23:17Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Linguistic entrenchment: Prior knowledge impacts statistical learning performance
title Linguistic entrenchment: Prior knowledge impacts statistical learning performance
spellingShingle Linguistic entrenchment: Prior knowledge impacts statistical learning performance
Siegelman, Noam
Statistical learning
Prior knowledge
Entrenchment
Domain generality vs. domain specificity
title_short Linguistic entrenchment: Prior knowledge impacts statistical learning performance
title_full Linguistic entrenchment: Prior knowledge impacts statistical learning performance
title_fullStr Linguistic entrenchment: Prior knowledge impacts statistical learning performance
title_full_unstemmed Linguistic entrenchment: Prior knowledge impacts statistical learning performance
title_sort Linguistic entrenchment: Prior knowledge impacts statistical learning performance
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Siegelman, Noam
Bogaerts, Louisa
Elazar, Amit
Arciuli, Joanne
Frost, Ram
author Siegelman, Noam
author_facet Siegelman, Noam
Bogaerts, Louisa
Elazar, Amit
Arciuli, Joanne
Frost, Ram
author_role author
author2 Bogaerts, Louisa
Elazar, Amit
Arciuli, Joanne
Frost, Ram
author2_role author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Statistical learning
Prior knowledge
Entrenchment
Domain generality vs. domain specificity
topic Statistical learning
Prior knowledge
Entrenchment
Domain generality vs. domain specificity
description Available online 26 April 2018.
publishDate 2018
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2018
2018
2018
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10810/26658
url http://hdl.handle.net/10810/26658
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/ERC2015-ADG-692502//
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/743528
https://www.journals.elsevier.com/cognition
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
© 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv COGNITION
publisher.none.fl_str_mv COGNITION
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
instname:Universidad del País Vasco
instname_str Universidad del País Vasco
reponame_str Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
collection Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15.300724

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