Interface states in space-time photonic crystals: Topological origin, propagation and amplification

Studying the topology of spatio temporal media poses a fundamental challenge: their remarkable properties stem from breaking spatial and temporal symmetries, yet this same breaking obscures their topological characterization. Here, we show that space-time symmetries persist in crystals with travelin...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Caballero Domínguez, Alejandro, Allard, Thomas François, Arroyo Huidobro, Paloma
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Repositorio:Biblos-e Archivo. Repositorio Institucional de la UAM
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:biblosearchi::40c6bfa415de72afbc075f9501fdb1db
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10486/771020
https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.5c02806
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:time-varying media
topological photonics
space-tim ephotonic crystals
interface states
Física
Descripción
Sumario:Studying the topology of spatio temporal media poses a fundamental challenge: their remarkable properties stem from breaking spatial and temporal symmetries, yet this same breaking obscures their topological characterization. Here, we show that space-time symmetries persist in crystals with traveling-wave modulations whose velocities can be either lower (subluminal) or higher (superluminal) than the speed of light, enabling the study of their topological properties and the prediction of spatio temporal interface states. For each modulation regime, we use a Lorentz transformation to a frame in which the modulation depends on only one of the transformed variables. Then, we identify a conserved joint parity time-reversal symmetry in the new variables that enforces the quantization of a spatio temporal Zak phase, elevating it to a Z2 topological invariant. Finally, we calculate the associated interface states and uncover unique features arising from time-varying effects, including selective directional amplification, propagation along subluminal and superluminal boundaries, frequency- and momentum-converted replicas, and broadband amplification even in the absence of momentum gaps. Our framework holds for spatio temporal modulations of any velocity, providing a unified description that encompasses photonic time crystals and clarifies their topological origin