The rusty plumage coloration of juvenile gyrfalcons is produced by pheomelanin and its expression is affected by an intracellular antioxidant

Juveniles of many diurnal raptors exhibit a characteristic rusty plumage coloration whose biochemical basis has never been determined. Using the Gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus) as a model species, we analyzed feathers by Raman spectroscopy and showed that the rusty color is due to the presence of the p...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Galván, Ismael, Jorge, Alberto
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2015
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/111870
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/111870
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Gyrfalcon
Falco rusticolus
Age-related variation
Oxidative stress
Pheomelanin
Plumage coloration
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spelling The rusty plumage coloration of juvenile gyrfalcons is produced by pheomelanin and its expression is affected by an intracellular antioxidantGalván, IsmaelJorge, AlbertoGyrfalconFalco rusticolusAge-related variationOxidative stressPheomelaninPlumage colorationJuveniles of many diurnal raptors exhibit a characteristic rusty plumage coloration whose biochemical basis has never been determined. Using the Gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus) as a model species, we analyzed feathers by Raman spectroscopy and showed that the rusty color is due to the presence of the pigment pheomelanin, which was also observed in the feathers of a juvenile Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus). We experimentally modified the expression of the rusty plumage coloration by treating four developing Gyrfalcons with buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), a specific and nontoxic inhibitor of glutathione (GSH) synthesis. Because cysteine, one of the three constitutive amino acids of GSH, is required for pheomelanin synthesis and GSH is the most important intracellular antioxidant, these findings indicate that the expression of rusty plumage coloration can be affected by environmental oxidative stress. Our results suggest that the rusty plumage coloration of at least some diurnal raptors is pheomelanin-based, and the dependence on GSH levels opens the possibility that the evolution of this trait in some species and the age-related variation in its expression across species may be explained by interspecific and intraspecific variation in exposure to environmental factors that generate oxidative stress and by age-related variations in endogenous levels of oxidative stressPeer reviewedRaptor Research FoundationConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]201520152015info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/111870reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)Ingléshttp://dx.doi.org/10.3356/jrr-14-00018.1Síinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/1118702026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv The rusty plumage coloration of juvenile gyrfalcons is produced by pheomelanin and its expression is affected by an intracellular antioxidant
title The rusty plumage coloration of juvenile gyrfalcons is produced by pheomelanin and its expression is affected by an intracellular antioxidant
spellingShingle The rusty plumage coloration of juvenile gyrfalcons is produced by pheomelanin and its expression is affected by an intracellular antioxidant
Galván, Ismael
Gyrfalcon
Falco rusticolus
Age-related variation
Oxidative stress
Pheomelanin
Plumage coloration
title_short The rusty plumage coloration of juvenile gyrfalcons is produced by pheomelanin and its expression is affected by an intracellular antioxidant
title_full The rusty plumage coloration of juvenile gyrfalcons is produced by pheomelanin and its expression is affected by an intracellular antioxidant
title_fullStr The rusty plumage coloration of juvenile gyrfalcons is produced by pheomelanin and its expression is affected by an intracellular antioxidant
title_full_unstemmed The rusty plumage coloration of juvenile gyrfalcons is produced by pheomelanin and its expression is affected by an intracellular antioxidant
title_sort The rusty plumage coloration of juvenile gyrfalcons is produced by pheomelanin and its expression is affected by an intracellular antioxidant
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Galván, Ismael
Jorge, Alberto
author Galván, Ismael
author_facet Galván, Ismael
Jorge, Alberto
author_role author
author2 Jorge, Alberto
author2_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Gyrfalcon
Falco rusticolus
Age-related variation
Oxidative stress
Pheomelanin
Plumage coloration
topic Gyrfalcon
Falco rusticolus
Age-related variation
Oxidative stress
Pheomelanin
Plumage coloration
description Juveniles of many diurnal raptors exhibit a characteristic rusty plumage coloration whose biochemical basis has never been determined. Using the Gyrfalcon (Falco rusticolus) as a model species, we analyzed feathers by Raman spectroscopy and showed that the rusty color is due to the presence of the pigment pheomelanin, which was also observed in the feathers of a juvenile Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus). We experimentally modified the expression of the rusty plumage coloration by treating four developing Gyrfalcons with buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), a specific and nontoxic inhibitor of glutathione (GSH) synthesis. Because cysteine, one of the three constitutive amino acids of GSH, is required for pheomelanin synthesis and GSH is the most important intracellular antioxidant, these findings indicate that the expression of rusty plumage coloration can be affected by environmental oxidative stress. Our results suggest that the rusty plumage coloration of at least some diurnal raptors is pheomelanin-based, and the dependence on GSH levels opens the possibility that the evolution of this trait in some species and the age-related variation in its expression across species may be explained by interspecific and intraspecific variation in exposure to environmental factors that generate oxidative stress and by age-related variations in endogenous levels of oxidative stress
publishDate 2015
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2015
2015
2015
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
Publisher's version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/111870
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/111870
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv http://dx.doi.org/10.3356/jrr-14-00018.1
Sí
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Raptor Research Foundation
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Raptor Research Foundation
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,811543

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