New challenges in marine pollution monitoring

There is abundant evidence that anthropogenic activities have polluted all compartments of the oceans, from the poles to the tropics, by different physical, chemical, and biological stressors. Chemical pollution is particularly tackled here with focus on legacy pollutants and newly emerging man-made...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Bellas, Juan, Hylland, Ketil, Burgeot, T.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2020
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/321822
Acceso en línea:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2019.00820/pdf
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/321822
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Medio Marino y Protección Ambiental
Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo
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spelling New challenges in marine pollution monitoringBellas, JuanHylland, KetilBurgeot, T.Medio Marino y Protección AmbientalCentro Oceanográfico de VigoThere is abundant evidence that anthropogenic activities have polluted all compartments of the oceans, from the poles to the tropics, by different physical, chemical, and biological stressors. Chemical pollution is particularly tackled here with focus on legacy pollutants and newly emerging man-made compounds (xenobiotics) or anthropogenic forcing in the increase of natural chemical substances. It has been estimated that more than 100,000 chemicals are currently on the market [ECHA (European Chemicals Agency), 2017], and thousands of new substances are being introduced every year due to industrialization, intensive agriculture, and urban development. This has led to a continuous flow of chemical products to the oceans that have the potential to alter the structure of ecosystems by causing changes in the biotic communities that constitute them. Traditionally, the assessment of marine chemical pollution would exclusively be based on chemical analysis of a limited set of potential pollutants in selected environmental matrices, and a comparison between their levels with those found in pristine areas not being subjected to direct human pressures. However, such chemical assessment of pollution only offers a partially suitable approach to the question of how marine organisms and ecosystem functioning are affected by pollutants. This can only be answered by means of an integrated assessment including both chemical analyses and biological tools that quantitatively link the levels of pollutants with their ecological effects, including new contaminants for which no analytical techniques have yet been developed. Ideally, we aim to detect disturbances caused by pollutants before ecosystems are affected. So we need sensitive indications for pollution effects that provide an early warning to allow taking measures to avoid ecological damage. As for this concern a unique effort based on a European consensus, has been developed by ICES/OSPAR (Davies and Vethaak, 2012). A new challenge in marine pollution monitoring is also based on the harmonization of two European Union directives for the protection of the marine environment, the Water Framework Directive (WFD, 2000/60/CE) and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD, 2008/56/CE). The latter established a legislative context demanding the use of effect-based tools for the assessment of pollution. These two directives were constructed according to two different strategies to assess the status of continental and coastal water ecosystems, following either a risk assessment approach (WFD) or an ecosystem approach (MSFD)SíFrontiers Media202320232020info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2019.00820/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/321822reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSICinstname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)InglésCentro Oceanográfico de Vigoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:digital.csic.es:10261/3218222026-05-22T06:33:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv New challenges in marine pollution monitoring
title New challenges in marine pollution monitoring
spellingShingle New challenges in marine pollution monitoring
Bellas, Juan
Medio Marino y Protección Ambiental
Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo
title_short New challenges in marine pollution monitoring
title_full New challenges in marine pollution monitoring
title_fullStr New challenges in marine pollution monitoring
title_full_unstemmed New challenges in marine pollution monitoring
title_sort New challenges in marine pollution monitoring
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Bellas, Juan
Hylland, Ketil
Burgeot, T.
author Bellas, Juan
author_facet Bellas, Juan
Hylland, Ketil
Burgeot, T.
author_role author
author2 Hylland, Ketil
Burgeot, T.
author2_role author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Medio Marino y Protección Ambiental
Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo
topic Medio Marino y Protección Ambiental
Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo
description There is abundant evidence that anthropogenic activities have polluted all compartments of the oceans, from the poles to the tropics, by different physical, chemical, and biological stressors. Chemical pollution is particularly tackled here with focus on legacy pollutants and newly emerging man-made compounds (xenobiotics) or anthropogenic forcing in the increase of natural chemical substances. It has been estimated that more than 100,000 chemicals are currently on the market [ECHA (European Chemicals Agency), 2017], and thousands of new substances are being introduced every year due to industrialization, intensive agriculture, and urban development. This has led to a continuous flow of chemical products to the oceans that have the potential to alter the structure of ecosystems by causing changes in the biotic communities that constitute them. Traditionally, the assessment of marine chemical pollution would exclusively be based on chemical analysis of a limited set of potential pollutants in selected environmental matrices, and a comparison between their levels with those found in pristine areas not being subjected to direct human pressures. However, such chemical assessment of pollution only offers a partially suitable approach to the question of how marine organisms and ecosystem functioning are affected by pollutants. This can only be answered by means of an integrated assessment including both chemical analyses and biological tools that quantitatively link the levels of pollutants with their ecological effects, including new contaminants for which no analytical techniques have yet been developed. Ideally, we aim to detect disturbances caused by pollutants before ecosystems are affected. So we need sensitive indications for pollution effects that provide an early warning to allow taking measures to avoid ecological damage. As for this concern a unique effort based on a European consensus, has been developed by ICES/OSPAR (Davies and Vethaak, 2012). A new challenge in marine pollution monitoring is also based on the harmonization of two European Union directives for the protection of the marine environment, the Water Framework Directive (WFD, 2000/60/CE) and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD, 2008/56/CE). The latter established a legislative context demanding the use of effect-based tools for the assessment of pollution. These two directives were constructed according to two different strategies to assess the status of continental and coastal water ecosystems, following either a risk assessment approach (WFD) or an ecosystem approach (MSFD)
publishDate 2020
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2020
2023
2023
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2019.00820/pdf
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/321822
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2019.00820/pdf
http://hdl.handle.net/10261/321822
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers Media
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers Media
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
instname:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
instname_str Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
reponame_str DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
collection DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
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