Thiol-yne crosslinked alginate click-hydrogel for the electrical stimulation of skin wound healing

Thanks to their biocompatibility and ability to support cell growth, alginate hydrogels are promising scaffolds for skin tissue regeneration. If conductive, they can further improve the wound healing process by electrical stimulation (ES). Herein, we explore the preparation and application of robust...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Ramírez Alba, María Dolores, Resina, Maria Leonor Matos|||0000-0003-4216-8349, García Torres, José Manuel|||0000-0002-3996-0274, Macovez, Roberto|||0000-0001-5026-9372, Alemán Llansó, Carlos|||0000-0003-4462-6075, Pérez Madrigal, Maria del Mar|||0000-0002-2498-8485
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
Repositorio:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/446249
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2117/446249
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.146880
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Alginate
Thiol-yne click chemistry
Hydrogel
Wound dressing
Conducting polymer
Electrical stimulation
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria química
Descripción
Sumario:Thanks to their biocompatibility and ability to support cell growth, alginate hydrogels are promising scaffolds for skin tissue regeneration. If conductive, they can further improve the wound healing process by electrical stimulation (ES). Herein, we explore the preparation and application of robust hydrogels synthesized via the thiol-yne click reaction, a highly efficient and rapid process. Hydrogels were obtained by functionalizing alginate with thiol groups and crosslinking them with a modified 3-arm polyethylene glycol (PEG) precursor (click-Alg). As a final step, the in situ chemical oxidative polymerization of poly(hydroxymethyl-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (semi-interpenetrated PHMeEDOT) rendered them electro-responsive (click-Alg/PHMeEDOT). The gelation of the click-Alg hydrogels proceeded quickly (within 3 min), enabling rapid network formation for injectable application and resulting in high gel fraction, which ensured structural stability. After incorporating PHMeEDOT, a decrease in the pore size happened, while porosity remained predominantly open, with PHMeEDOT completely covering the pores surface. This coating enhanced the electrochemical response of click-Alg/PHMeEDOT hydrogels, whereas their mechanical similarity (with values of Young's modulus = 116 ± 10.7 kPa) to skin tissue is expected to reduce mismatch risks, improve integration, and minimize stress-related healing issues. Optimized in vitro assays with Vero and HFF-1 cells subjected to 0.6 V for 20 min showed significant wound closure after 2 h, implying that increased electrochemical activity played a key role in promoting wound closure under ES. Overall, we highlight the synergy between both matrices and the effectiveness and potential of click-Alg/PHMeEDOT hydrogels as electrode-like wound dressings for electrically-driven skin tissue repair.