Environmental performance of a multi-energy liquid air energy storage (LAES) system in cogeneration asset – A life cycle assessment-based comparison with lithium ion (Li-ion) battery

Increase in energy demand is shaping both developed and developing countries globally. As a result, the endeavour to reduce carbon emissions also encompasses electrical energy storage systems to ensure environmentally friendly power production and distribution. Currently, the scientific community is...

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Autores: Tafone, Alessio, Borri, Emiliano, Cabeza, Luisa F., Romagnoli, Alessandro
Formato: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Recursos:Universitat de Lleida (UdL)
Repositorio:Repositori Obert UdL
OAI Identifier:oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/466913
Acesso em linha:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39193
https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/466913
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Liquid air energy storage (LAES)
Life cycle assessment (LCA)
Electrical energy storage
Carnot battery
Li-ion battery
Thermal energy storage (TES)
Cogeneration
District cooling
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spelling Environmental performance of a multi-energy liquid air energy storage (LAES) system in cogeneration asset – A life cycle assessment-based comparison with lithium ion (Li-ion) batteryTafone, AlessioBorri, EmilianoCabeza, Luisa F.Romagnoli, AlessandroLiquid air energy storage (LAES)Life cycle assessment (LCA)Electrical energy storageCarnot batteryLi-ion batteryThermal energy storage (TES)CogenerationDistrict coolingIncrease in energy demand is shaping both developed and developing countries globally. As a result, the endeavour to reduce carbon emissions also encompasses electrical energy storage systems to ensure environmentally friendly power production and distribution. Currently, the scientific community is actively exploring and developing new storage technologies for this purpose. The focus of this work is to compare the eco-friendliness of a relatively novel technology such as liquid air energy storage (LAES) with an established storage solution such as Li-Ion battery (Li-ion). The comparison is carried out through Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology which aims to assess the environmental impacts from each life stage, according to different impact categories. In particular, the study refers to the unitary storage and the delivery of electricity as well as cooling energy, considering all the inefficiencies and limits of each technology. The results show that in the full electric case study Li-ion battery environmentally outperform LAES due to (1) the higher round trip efficiency and (2) the significantly high environmental impact of the diathermic oil utilized by LAES, accounting for 92 % of the manufacture and disposal phase. Conversely, the cogeneration case study highlights that the “flexibility” and “dualism” of LAES, capable to efficiently deliver both electricity and cooling, offset the impact related to the higher electricity consumption during the use phase. Notably in energy mix frameworks with high share of primary energy source from fossil fuels, cogenerative LAES demonstrates superior environmental performance compared to Li-ion battery (i.e. 1302 kgCO2eq/MWhe vs 1140 kgCO2eq/MWhe for Singapore energy mix), attributable to its reduced electricity consumption.This project was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under No. 101007976 (COCOOL). This work is partially supported by ICREA under the ICREA Academia programme. This work is also partially funded by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion´ —Agencia Estatal de Investigacion ´ (AEI) (PID2021- 123511OB-C31 - MCIN/AEI/10.13039/ 501100011033/FEDER, EU and RED2022-134219-T). The authors at the University of Lleida would like to thank the Catalan Government for the quality accreditation given to their research group GREiA (2021 SGR 01615). GREiA is a certified agent TECNIO in the category of technology developers from the Government of Catalonia.Elsevier2024info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39193https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/466913reponame:Repositori Obert UdL instname:Universitat de Lleida (UdL)Inglésinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2021-123511OB-C31info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/RED2022-134219-TReproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39193Heliyon, 2024, vol. 10, núm. 20, e39193info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/101007976cc-by (c) Alessio Tafone et al., 2024Attribution 4.0 Internationalinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/oai:repositori.udl.cat:10459.1/4669132026-06-24T12:42:17Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Environmental performance of a multi-energy liquid air energy storage (LAES) system in cogeneration asset – A life cycle assessment-based comparison with lithium ion (Li-ion) battery
title Environmental performance of a multi-energy liquid air energy storage (LAES) system in cogeneration asset – A life cycle assessment-based comparison with lithium ion (Li-ion) battery
spellingShingle Environmental performance of a multi-energy liquid air energy storage (LAES) system in cogeneration asset – A life cycle assessment-based comparison with lithium ion (Li-ion) battery
Tafone, Alessio
Liquid air energy storage (LAES)
Life cycle assessment (LCA)
Electrical energy storage
Carnot battery
Li-ion battery
Thermal energy storage (TES)
Cogeneration
District cooling
title_short Environmental performance of a multi-energy liquid air energy storage (LAES) system in cogeneration asset – A life cycle assessment-based comparison with lithium ion (Li-ion) battery
title_full Environmental performance of a multi-energy liquid air energy storage (LAES) system in cogeneration asset – A life cycle assessment-based comparison with lithium ion (Li-ion) battery
title_fullStr Environmental performance of a multi-energy liquid air energy storage (LAES) system in cogeneration asset – A life cycle assessment-based comparison with lithium ion (Li-ion) battery
title_full_unstemmed Environmental performance of a multi-energy liquid air energy storage (LAES) system in cogeneration asset – A life cycle assessment-based comparison with lithium ion (Li-ion) battery
title_sort Environmental performance of a multi-energy liquid air energy storage (LAES) system in cogeneration asset – A life cycle assessment-based comparison with lithium ion (Li-ion) battery
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Tafone, Alessio
Borri, Emiliano
Cabeza, Luisa F.
Romagnoli, Alessandro
author Tafone, Alessio
author_facet Tafone, Alessio
Borri, Emiliano
Cabeza, Luisa F.
Romagnoli, Alessandro
author_role author
author2 Borri, Emiliano
Cabeza, Luisa F.
Romagnoli, Alessandro
author2_role author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Liquid air energy storage (LAES)
Life cycle assessment (LCA)
Electrical energy storage
Carnot battery
Li-ion battery
Thermal energy storage (TES)
Cogeneration
District cooling
topic Liquid air energy storage (LAES)
Life cycle assessment (LCA)
Electrical energy storage
Carnot battery
Li-ion battery
Thermal energy storage (TES)
Cogeneration
District cooling
description Increase in energy demand is shaping both developed and developing countries globally. As a result, the endeavour to reduce carbon emissions also encompasses electrical energy storage systems to ensure environmentally friendly power production and distribution. Currently, the scientific community is actively exploring and developing new storage technologies for this purpose. The focus of this work is to compare the eco-friendliness of a relatively novel technology such as liquid air energy storage (LAES) with an established storage solution such as Li-Ion battery (Li-ion). The comparison is carried out through Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology which aims to assess the environmental impacts from each life stage, according to different impact categories. In particular, the study refers to the unitary storage and the delivery of electricity as well as cooling energy, considering all the inefficiencies and limits of each technology. The results show that in the full electric case study Li-ion battery environmentally outperform LAES due to (1) the higher round trip efficiency and (2) the significantly high environmental impact of the diathermic oil utilized by LAES, accounting for 92 % of the manufacture and disposal phase. Conversely, the cogeneration case study highlights that the “flexibility” and “dualism” of LAES, capable to efficiently deliver both electricity and cooling, offset the impact related to the higher electricity consumption during the use phase. Notably in energy mix frameworks with high share of primary energy source from fossil fuels, cogenerative LAES demonstrates superior environmental performance compared to Li-ion battery (i.e. 1302 kgCO2eq/MWhe vs 1140 kgCO2eq/MWhe for Singapore energy mix), attributable to its reduced electricity consumption.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2024
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39193
https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/466913
url https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39193
https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/466913
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2021-123511OB-C31
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/RED2022-134219-T
Reproducció del document publicat a https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39193
Heliyon, 2024, vol. 10, núm. 20, e39193
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/101007976
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv cc-by (c) Alessio Tafone et al., 2024
Attribution 4.0 International
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
rights_invalid_str_mv cc-by (c) Alessio Tafone et al., 2024
Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositori Obert UdL
instname:Universitat de Lleida (UdL)
instname_str Universitat de Lleida (UdL)
reponame_str Repositori Obert UdL
collection Repositori Obert UdL
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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