Martian Atmospheric Temperature and Density Profiles During the First Year of NOMAD/TGO Solar Occultation Measurements

We present vertical profiles of temperature and density from solar occultation (SO) observations by the “Nadir and Occultation for Mars Discovery” (NOMAD) spectrometer on board the Trace Gas Orbiter during its first operational year, which covered the second half of Mars Year 34. We used calibrated...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: López-Valverde, M. A., Funke, Bernd, Brines, Adrian, Stolzenbach, Aurélien, Modak, Ashimananda, Hill, Brittany, González-Galindo, F., Thomas, Ian, Trompet, Loic, Aoki, Shohei, Villanueva, Geronimo L., Liuzzi, Giuliano, Erwin, Justin, Grabowski, Udo, Forget, Francois, López-Moreno, José Juan, Rodríguez Gómez, Julio, Ristic, Bojan, Daerden, Frank, Bellucci, Giancarlo, Patel, Manish, Vandaele, Ann Carine, NOMAD team
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/320067
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/320067
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Mars
Remote sounding
Atmospheric structure
NOMAD
ExoMars/TGO
Planetary atmospheres
Descripción
Sumario:We present vertical profiles of temperature and density from solar occultation (SO) observations by the “Nadir and Occultation for Mars Discovery” (NOMAD) spectrometer on board the Trace Gas Orbiter during its first operational year, which covered the second half of Mars Year 34. We used calibrated transmittance spectra in 380 scans, and apply an in-house pre-processing to clean data systematics. Temperature and CO2 profiles up to about 90 km, with consistent hydrostatic adjustment, are obtained, after adapting an Earth-tested retrieval scheme to Mars conditions. Both pre-processing and retrieval are discussed to illustrate their performance and robustness. Our results reveal the large impact of the MY34 Global Dust Storm (GDS), which warmed the atmosphere at all altitudes. The large GDS aerosols opacity limited the sounding of tropospheric layers. The retrieved temperatures agree well with global climate models (GCM) at tropospheric altitudes, but NOMAD mesospheric temperatures are wavier and globally colder by 10 K in the perihelion season, particularly during the GDS and its decay phase. We observe a warm layer around 80 km during the Southern Spring, especially in the Northern Hemisphere morning terminator, associated to large thermal tides, significantly stronger than in the GCM. Cold mesospheric pockets, close to CO2 condensation temperatures, are more frequently observed than in the GCM. NOMAD CO2 densities show oscillations upon a seasonal trend that track well the latitudinal variations expected. Results uncertainties and suggestions to improve future data re-analysis are briefly discussed. © 2022 The Authors. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.