Contact lens-based atropine delivery systems for myopia management: design and in vitro-in vivo evaluation

The prevalence of myopia is increasing exponentially, particularly among children. Alongside other interventions, atropine can slow or even reverse myopia progression; however, topical eye drops produce short-lived concentration peaks that may cause systemic side effects while failing to ensure sust...

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Autores: García del Valle, Inés Ángela, Vivero López, María, Concheiro Nine, Ángel Joaquín, Álvarez Lorenzo, Carmen
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC)
Repositorio:Minerva. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:minerva.usc.gal:10347/43861
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10347/43861
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Myopia
Atropine
Medicated contact lenses
Controlled release
Ocular biodistribution
IVIV Levy plot
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spelling Contact lens-based atropine delivery systems for myopia management: design and in vitro-in vivo evaluationGarcía del Valle, Inés ÁngelaVivero López, MaríaConcheiro Nine, Ángel JoaquínÁlvarez Lorenzo, CarmenMyopiaAtropineMedicated contact lensesControlled releaseOcular biodistributionIVIV Levy plotThe prevalence of myopia is increasing exponentially, particularly among children. Alongside other interventions, atropine can slow or even reverse myopia progression; however, topical eye drops produce short-lived concentration peaks that may cause systemic side effects while failing to ensure sustained ocular exposure. Existing contact lens (CL)-based delivery approaches present important limitations, including excessively rapid release, overly prolonged release, or low drug loading. This study aimed to address these shortcomings by designing CLs tailored for atropine delivery during day/night wearing. Hydrogels were synthesized by combining the anionic monomers methacrylic acid (MAA) and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPSA) with the hydrophobic monomer benzyl methacrylate (BzMA) in specific ratios to modulate affinity for atropine. The resulting materials exhibited suitable solvent uptake, light transmittance, mechanical properties, and oxygen permeability. Anionic monomers enhanced atropine loading, while hydrophobic domains enabled more controlled release. In vivo testing showed that optimized formulations provided sustained drug levels in tear fluid and higher ocular tissue concentrations compared with eye drops. Ocular compatibility was confirmed both in ovo (HET-CAM test) and in vivo. For comparison, atropine loading and release from multifocal CLs designed for myopia control were also evaluated, and in vitro and in vivo correlations were investigated. Overall, these customized CLs represent a promising approach to integrate optical correction with sustained atropine delivery for myopia management.ElsevierUniversidade de Santiago de Compostela. Instituto de Materiais (iMATUS)20252025-11-0720252025-11-07journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/10347/43861reponame:Minerva. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostelainstname:Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC)InglésengAgencia Estatal de Investigación http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023 PID2023-150422OB-I00 SCAFFOLDS PIEZOELECTRICOS RECUBIERTOS CON MEMBRANAS CELULARES PARA MEDICINA REGENERATIVA PERSONALIZADAopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2© 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by- nc-nd/4.0/).http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:minerva.usc.gal:10347/438612026-06-15T12:47:27Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Contact lens-based atropine delivery systems for myopia management: design and in vitro-in vivo evaluation
title Contact lens-based atropine delivery systems for myopia management: design and in vitro-in vivo evaluation
spellingShingle Contact lens-based atropine delivery systems for myopia management: design and in vitro-in vivo evaluation
García del Valle, Inés Ángela
Myopia
Atropine
Medicated contact lenses
Controlled release
Ocular biodistribution
IVIV Levy plot
title_short Contact lens-based atropine delivery systems for myopia management: design and in vitro-in vivo evaluation
title_full Contact lens-based atropine delivery systems for myopia management: design and in vitro-in vivo evaluation
title_fullStr Contact lens-based atropine delivery systems for myopia management: design and in vitro-in vivo evaluation
title_full_unstemmed Contact lens-based atropine delivery systems for myopia management: design and in vitro-in vivo evaluation
title_sort Contact lens-based atropine delivery systems for myopia management: design and in vitro-in vivo evaluation
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv García del Valle, Inés Ángela
Vivero López, María
Concheiro Nine, Ángel Joaquín
Álvarez Lorenzo, Carmen
author García del Valle, Inés Ángela
author_facet García del Valle, Inés Ángela
Vivero López, María
Concheiro Nine, Ángel Joaquín
Álvarez Lorenzo, Carmen
author_role author
author2 Vivero López, María
Concheiro Nine, Ángel Joaquín
Álvarez Lorenzo, Carmen
author2_role author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Instituto de Materiais (iMATUS)
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Myopia
Atropine
Medicated contact lenses
Controlled release
Ocular biodistribution
IVIV Levy plot
topic Myopia
Atropine
Medicated contact lenses
Controlled release
Ocular biodistribution
IVIV Levy plot
description The prevalence of myopia is increasing exponentially, particularly among children. Alongside other interventions, atropine can slow or even reverse myopia progression; however, topical eye drops produce short-lived concentration peaks that may cause systemic side effects while failing to ensure sustained ocular exposure. Existing contact lens (CL)-based delivery approaches present important limitations, including excessively rapid release, overly prolonged release, or low drug loading. This study aimed to address these shortcomings by designing CLs tailored for atropine delivery during day/night wearing. Hydrogels were synthesized by combining the anionic monomers methacrylic acid (MAA) and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPSA) with the hydrophobic monomer benzyl methacrylate (BzMA) in specific ratios to modulate affinity for atropine. The resulting materials exhibited suitable solvent uptake, light transmittance, mechanical properties, and oxygen permeability. Anionic monomers enhanced atropine loading, while hydrophobic domains enabled more controlled release. In vivo testing showed that optimized formulations provided sustained drug levels in tear fluid and higher ocular tissue concentrations compared with eye drops. Ocular compatibility was confirmed both in ovo (HET-CAM test) and in vivo. For comparison, atropine loading and release from multifocal CLs designed for myopia control were also evaluated, and in vitro and in vivo correlations were investigated. Overall, these customized CLs represent a promising approach to integrate optical correction with sustained atropine delivery for myopia management.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2025-11-07
2025
2025-11-07
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/10347/43861
url https://hdl.handle.net/10347/43861
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Agencia Estatal de Investigación http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100011033 Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023 PID2023-150422OB-I00 SCAFFOLDS PIEZOELECTRICOS RECUBIERTOS CON MEMBRANAS CELULARES PARA MEDICINA REGENERATIVA PERSONALIZADA
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Minerva. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
instname:Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC)
instname_str Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC)
reponame_str Minerva. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
collection Minerva. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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